United States US: Total Researchers: Per Thousand Labour Force
1981 - 2020 | Yearly | Per 1000 | Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
United States US: Total Researchers: Per Thousand Labour Force data was reported at 9.206 Per 1000 in 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 8.704 Per 1000 for 2019. United States US: Total Researchers: Per Thousand Labour Force data is updated yearly, averaging 6.866 Per 1000 from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2020, with 40 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 9.206 Per 1000 in 2020 and a record low of 4.800 Per 1000 in 1981. United States US: Total Researchers: Per Thousand Labour Force data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For the UnitedStates, in the business sector, the funds from the rest of the world previously included in the business-financed BERD, are available separately from 2008.
From 2006 onwards, GOVERD includes state government intramural performance (most of which being financed by the federal government and state government own funds). From 2016 onwards, PNPERD data are based on a new R&D performer survey. In the higher education sector all fields of SSH are included from 2003 onwards.
Following a survey of federally-funded research and development centers (FFRDCs) in 2005, it was concluded that FFRDC R&D belongs in the government sector - rather than the sector of the FFRDC administrator, as had been reported in the past. R&D expenditures by FFRDCs were reclassified from the other three R&D performing sectors to the Government sector; previously published data were revised accordingly.
Between 2003 and 2004, the method used to classify data by industry has been revised. This particularly affects the ISIC category 'wholesale trade' and consequently the BERD for total services. U.S. R&D data are generally comparable, but there are some areas of underestimation:i) Up to 2008, Government sector R&D performance covers only federal government activities.
That by State and local government establishments is excluded;
ii) Except for the Government and the Business Enterprise sectors, the R&D data exclude most capital expenditures.
For the Business Enterprise sector, depreciation is reported in place of gross capital expenditures up to 2014. Higher education (and national total) data were revised back to 1998 due to an improved methodology that corrects for double-counting of R&D funds passed between institutions.Breakdown by type of R&D (basic research, applied research, etc.) was also revised back to 1998 in the business enterprise and higher education sectors due to improved estimation procedures.The methodology for estimating researchers was changed as of 1985.
In the Government, Higher Education and PNP sectors the data since then refer to employed doctoral scientists and engineers who report their primary work activity as research, development or the management of R&D, plus, for the Higher Education sector, the number of full-time equivalent graduate students with research assistantships averaging an estimated 50 % of their time engaged in R&D activities.
As of 1985 researchers in the Government sector exclude military personnel. As of 1987, Higher education R&D personnel also include those who report their primary work activity as design.Due to lack of official data for the different employment sectors, the total researchers figure is an OECD estimate up to 2019. Comprehensive reporting of R&D personnel statistics by the United States has resumed with records available since 2020, reflecting the addition of official figures for the number of researchers and total R&D personnel for the higher education sector and the Private non-profit sector; as well as the number of researchers for the government sector.
The new data revise downwards previous OECD estimates as the OECD extrapolation methods drawing on historical US data, required to produce a consistent OECD aggregate, appear to have previously overestimated the growth in the number of researchers in the higher education sector.Pre-production development is excluded from Defence GBARD (in accordance with the Frascati Manual) as of 2000.
2009 GBARD data also includes the one time incremental R&D funding legislated in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. Beginning with the 2000 GBARD data, budgets for capital expenditure - 'R&D plant' in national terminology - are included. GBARD data for earlier years relate to budgets for current costs only.
View United States's United States US: Total Researchers: Per Thousand Labour Force from 1981 to 2020 in the chart:
What was United States's United States US: Total Researchers: Per Thousand Labour Force in 2020?
| Last | Previous | Min | Max | Unit | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9.206 2020 | 8.704 2019 | 4.800 1981 | 9.206 2020 | Per 1000 | yearly | 1981 - 2020 |
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| National Accounts | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forecast: GDP PPP Per Capita (PPP Intl $) | 102,986.970 2029 | yearly | 1980 - 2029 |
| Forecast: Nominal GDP Per Capita (USD) | 93,259.267 2028 | yearly | 1980 - 2028 |
| Forecast: Real GDP Growth (%) | 1.855 2027 | yearly | 1980 - 2027 |
| GDP Deflator Growth (%) | 5.4 Mar 2023 | quarterly | Mar 1948 - Mar 2023 |
| GDP per Capita (USD) | 59,484.000 2017 | yearly | 1929 - 2017 |
| Gross Fixed Capital Formation (USD mn) | 1,593,871.000 Dec 2024 | quarterly | Mar 1947 - Dec 2024 |
| Gross National Product (GNP) (USD mn) | 7,347,016.000 Sep 2024 | quarterly | Mar 1947 - Sep 2024 |
| Gross Savings Rate (%) | 17.8 Dec 2022 | quarterly | Mar 1947 - Dec 2022 |
| Investment: % of GDP (%) | 20.7 Mar 2023 | quarterly | Mar 1947 - Mar 2023 |
| Nominal GDP (USD mn) | 6,621,571.8 Mar 2023 | quarterly | Mar 1947 - Mar 2023 |
| Nominal GDP Growth (%) | 5.028 Dec 2024 | quarterly | Mar 1948 - Dec 2024 |
| Private Consumption Expenditure (USD mn) | 5,065,679.250 Dec 2024 | quarterly | Mar 1947 - Dec 2024 |
| Private Consumption: % of GDP (%) | 68.8 Dec 2024 | quarterly | Mar 1947 - Dec 2024 |
| Public Consumption Expenditure (USD mn) | 999,258.000 Dec 2024 | quarterly | Mar 1947 - Dec 2024 |
| Public Consumption: % of GDP (%) | 13.4 Dec 2024 | quarterly | Mar 1947 - Dec 2024 |
| Real GDP Growth (%) | 1.6 Mar 2023 | quarterly | Mar 1948 - Mar 2023 |
| Total Trade of Goods & Services: % of Nominal GDP (%) | 24.724 Dec 2024 | quarterly | Mar 1947 - Dec 2024 |
| Production | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gold Production (kg) | 160,000.000 2024 | yearly | 1900 - 2024 |
| Industrial Production Index Growth (%) | 2.0 Jan 2025 | monthly | Jan 1920 - Jan 2025 |
| Minerals Production (Metric Ton) | 2,316,410,664.000 2022 | yearly | 2009 - 2022 |
| Motor Vehicle Production (Unit) | 10,611,555.000 2023 | yearly | 1997 - 2023 |
| Silver Production (Metric Ton) | 1,100.000 2024 | yearly | 1900 - 2024 |
| Sales, Orders, Inventory & Shipments | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| New Orders Growth (%) | 3.2 Jan 2025 | monthly | Feb 1993 - Jan 2025 |
| Construction and Properties | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| House Prices Growth (%) | 5.2 Dec 2024 | quarterly | Mar 1992 - Dec 2024 |
| Nominal Residential Property Price Index (2010=100) | 232.573 Sep 2024 | quarterly | Mar 1970 - Sep 2024 |
| Nominal Residential Property Price Index Growth (%) | 3.438 Sep 2024 | quarterly | Mar 1971 - Sep 2024 |
| Real Residential Property Price Index (2010=100) | 161.058 Sep 2024 | quarterly | Mar 1970 - Sep 2024 |
| Real Residential Property Price Index Growth (%) | 0.796 Sep 2024 | quarterly | Mar 1971 - Sep 2024 |
| Building Permits (Unit) | 111,517.000 Jan 2025 | monthly | Jan 1959 - Jan 2025 |
| Government and Public Finance | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP (%) | -7.0 Dec 2024 | quarterly | Sep 1981 - Dec 2024 |
| Forecast: Government Expenditure (USD bn) | 13,147.693 2029 | yearly | 2001 - 2029 |
| Forecast: Government Net Debt (USD bn) | 46,708.044 2029 | yearly | 2001 - 2029 |
| Forecast: Government Revenue (USD bn) | 11,006.807 2029 | yearly | 2001 - 2029 |
| Government Debt: % of GDP (%) | 124.0 Dec 2024 | quarterly | Mar 1969 - Dec 2024 |
| National Government Debt (USD mn) | 36,218,923.0 Feb 2025 | monthly | Jan 1969 - Feb 2025 |
| Tax Revenue (USD mn) | 510,819.000 Jan 2025 | monthly | Dec 1967 - Jan 2025 |
| Consolidated Fiscal Balance (USD mn) | -128,640.000 Jan 2025 | monthly | Oct 1980 - Jan 2025 |
| Tax Revenue: % of GDP (%) | 16.6 2024 | yearly | 1968 - 2024 |
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