China Total Researchers: Per Thousand Labour Force
1991 - 2021 | Yearly | Per 1000 | Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
China Total Researchers: Per Thousand Labour Force data was reported at 3.083 Per 1000 in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.910 Per 1000 for 2020. China Total Researchers: Per Thousand Labour Force data is updated yearly, averaging 1.487 Per 1000 from Dec 1991 (Median) to 2021, with 31 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.083 Per 1000 in 2021 and a record low of 0.673 Per 1000 in 1998. China Total Researchers: Per Thousand Labour Force data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s China – Table CN.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: Non OECD Member: Annual.
Notes to the September 2023 edition:
In the March 2023 edition, the OECD suppressed and put on hold the publication of several R&D indicators for China because of concerns about the coherence of expenditure and personnel data. Chinese officials have since confirmed errors in the business R&D data submitted to OECD in February 2023 and revised figures subsequently. While the revised breakdowns between manufacturing and other sectors is now deemed coherent, few details are available about the structure of China's R&D in the service sector which has been significantly increasing in size. China provided additional explanations on the growth rates in the higher education and government sectors in 2019, as well as the discrepancies between personnel and expenditure trends in both sectors. Total estimates of GERD and its institutional sector components (BERD, HERD, GOVERD) for 2019 to 2021 have not been modified by China and have been published as reported to OECD. The OECD continues to encourage China and other non member economies to engage in comprehensive reporting of R&D statistics and metadata.
---Structural notes:The national breakdown by source of funds does not fully match with the classification defined in the Frascati Manual. The R&D financed by the government, business enterprises, and by the rest of the world can be retrieved but part of the expenditure has no specific source of financing, i.e. self-raised funding (in particular for independent research institutions), the funds from the higher education sector and left-over government grants from previous years.The government and higher education sectors cover all fields of NSE and SSH while the business enterprise sector only covers the fields of NSE. There are only few organisations in the private non-profit sector, hence no R&D survey has been carried out in this sector and the data are not available.From 2009, researcher data are collected according to the Frascati Manual definition of researcher.
Beforehand, this was only the case for independent research institutions, while for the other sectors data were collected according to the UNESCO concept of 'scientist and engineer'.In 2009, the survey coverage in the business and the government sectors has been expanded.Before 2000, all of the personnel data and 95% of the expenditure data in the business enterprise sector are for large and medium-sized enterprises only. Since 2000 however, the survey covers almost all industries and all enterprises above a certain threshold. In 2000 and 2004, a census of all enterprises was held, while in the intermediate years data for small enterprises are estimated.Due to the reform of the S&T system some government institutions have become enterprises, and their R&D data have been reflected in the Business Enterprise sector since 2000.
View China's China Total Researchers: Per Thousand Labour Force from 1991 to 2021 in the chart:
What was China's China Total Researchers: Per Thousand Labour Force in 2021?
| Last | Previous | Min | Max | Unit | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.083 2021 | 2.910 2020 | 0.673 1998 | 3.083 2021 | Per 1000 | yearly | 1991 - 2021 |
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| National Accounts | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forecast: GDP PPP Per Capita (PPP Intl $) | 31,424.403 2028 | yearly | 1980 - 2028 |
| Forecast: Nominal GDP Per Capita (USD) | 18,826.230 2027 | yearly | 1980 - 2027 |
| Forecast: Real GDP Growth (%) | 3.437 2028 | yearly | 1980 - 2028 |
| GDP Deflator Growth (%) | 0.0 Dec 2022 | quarterly | Mar 1993 - Dec 2022 |
| GDP per Capita (USD) | 13,306.173 2024 | yearly | 1957 - 2024 |
| Gross Fixed Capital Formation (USD mn) | 7,546,959.529 2022 | yearly | 1957 - 2022 |
| Gross National Product (GNP) (USD mn) | 18,617,329.482 2024 | yearly | 1957 - 2024 |
| Gross Savings Rate (%) | 44.3 2023 | yearly | 1952 - 2023 |
| Investment: % of GDP (%) | 41.1 2023 | yearly | 1952 - 2023 |
| Nominal GDP (USD mn) | 4,166,759.1 Mar 2023 | quarterly | Mar 1992 - Mar 2023 |
| Nominal GDP Growth (%) | 4.619 Dec 2024 | quarterly | Mar 1993 - Dec 2024 |
| Private Consumption Expenditure (USD mn) | 7,233,648.318 2023 | yearly | 1957 - 2023 |
| Private Consumption: % of GDP (%) | 39.6 2023 | yearly | 1952 - 2023 |
| Public Consumption Expenditure (USD mn) | 2,939,579.607 2023 | yearly | 1957 - 2023 |
| Public Consumption: % of GDP (%) | 16.5 2023 | yearly | 1952 - 2023 |
| Real GDP Growth (%) | 4.5 Mar 2023 | quarterly | Mar 1992 - Mar 2023 |
| Total Trade of Goods & Services: % of Nominal GDP (%) | 38.987 Sep 2024 | quarterly | Mar 1998 - Sep 2024 |
| Production | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gold Production (kg) | 380,000.000 2024 | yearly | 1990 - 2024 |
| Industrial Production Index Growth (%) | 6.2 Dec 2024 | monthly | Jan 1995 - Dec 2024 |
| Minerals Production (Metric Ton) | 5,038,785,218.000 2022 | yearly | 2009 - 2022 |
| Motor Vehicle Production (Unit) | 30,160,966.000 2023 | yearly | 1997 - 2023 |
| Silver Production (Metric Ton) | 3,300.000 2024 | yearly | 1986 - 2024 |
| Construction and Properties | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| House Prices Growth (%) | -4.1 Dec 2024 | monthly | Mar 1999 - Dec 2024 |
| Nominal Residential Property Price Index (2010=100) | 124.927 Sep 2024 | quarterly | Jun 2005 - Sep 2024 |
| Nominal Residential Property Price Index Growth (%) | -8.574 Sep 2024 | quarterly | Jun 2006 - Sep 2024 |
| Real Residential Property Price Index (2010=100) | 93.823 Sep 2024 | quarterly | Jun 2005 - Sep 2024 |
| Real Residential Property Price Index Growth (%) | -9.029 Sep 2024 | quarterly | Jun 2006 - Sep 2024 |
| Government and Public Finance | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP (%) | -4.8 Dec 2024 | quarterly | Dec 1995 - Dec 2024 |
| Forecast: Government Expenditure (RMB bn) | 61,759.865 2029 | yearly | 1982 - 2029 |
| Forecast: Government Net Debt (RMB bn) | 193,709.639 2029 | yearly | 1995 - 2029 |
| Forecast: Government Revenue (RMB bn) | 47,402.036 2029 | yearly | 1982 - 2029 |
| Government Debt: % of GDP (%) | 25.6 Dec 2024 | quarterly | Mar 2014 - Dec 2024 |
| National Government Debt (USD mn) | 4,229,996.2 2023 | yearly | 2005 - 2023 |
| Tax Revenue (USD mn) | 179,241.007 Dec 2024 | monthly | Jan 1995 - Dec 2024 |
| Consolidated Fiscal Balance (USD mn) | -259,137.171 Dec 2024 | monthly | Jan 1995 - Dec 2024 |
| Tax Revenue: % of GDP (%) | 11.6 Dec 2024 | quarterly | Mar 1995 - Dec 2024 |
| Demographic and Labour Market | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Employed Persons (Person) | 734,390,000.000 2024 | yearly | 1949 - 2024 |
| Forecast: Population (Person mn) | 1,401.069 2028 | yearly | 1980 - 2028 |
| Forecast: Unemployment Rate (%) | 5.100 2029 | yearly | 2017 - 2029 |
| Labour Force Participation Rate (%) | 65.8 2023 | yearly | 1990 - 2023 |
| Labour Productivity Growth (%) | 5.84 2024 | yearly | 1953 - 2024 |
| Monthly Earnings (USD) | 1,392 Dec 2023 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Dec 2023 |
| Population (Person mn) | 1,408.3 2024 | yearly | 1949 - 2024 |
| Unemployment Rate (%) | 5.10 Dec 2024 | quarterly | Mar 2017 - Dec 2024 |
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