Nepal Government Debt: % of GDP

1990 - 2021 | Yearly | % | CEIC Data

Key information about Nepal Government Debt: % of GDP

  • Nepal Government debt accounted for 39.9 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Jul 2021, compared with the ratio of 36.8 % in the previous year.
  • Nepal government debt to GDP ratio data is updated yearly, available from Jul 1990 to Jul 2021.
  • The data reached an all-time high of 66.5 % in Jul 1994 and a record low of 12.8 % in Jul 2018.

CEIC calculates Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP from annual Government Debt and annual Nominal GDP. Government Debt is calculated as the sum of Domestic and External Government Debt. Nepal Rastra Bank provides Government Debt in local currency. The Central Bureau of Statistics provides Nominal GDP in local currency, at producer prices, based on SNA 2008. Government Debt covers Central Government only. Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP is in annual frequency, generally ending on July 15th of each year. Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP prior to 2011 is calculated from Nominal GDP, based on SNA 1993. Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP prior to 2001 is sourced from the World Bank.


Related information about Nepal Government Debt: % of GDP

  • In the latest reports, Nepal National Government Debt reached 14.5 USD bn in Jul 2021.
  • The country's Nominal GDP reached 40.8 USD bn in Jul 2022.

View Nepal's Government Debt: % of GDP from 1990 to 2021 in the chart:

Nepal Government Debt: % of GDP

What was Nepal's Government Debt: % of GDP in 2021?

Nepal Government debt accounted for 39.9 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Jul 2021, compared with the ratio of 36.8 % in the previous year. See the table below for more data.

Last Previous Min Max Unit Frequency Range
39.9 2021 36.8 2020 12.8 2018 66.5 1994 % yearly 1990 - 2021

Government Debt: % of GDP by Country Comparison

country/region Last Frequency Range
Albania (%) 52.6 Sep 2024 quarterly Sep 2010 - Sep 2024
Algeria (%) 48.9 2023 yearly 1997 - 2023
Argentina (%) 80.3 Mar 2023 quarterly Dec 2004 - Mar 2023
Armenia (%) 48.9 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2013 - Sep 2024
Australia (%) 38.0 2023 yearly 1999 - 2023
Austria (%) 83.2 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2024
Azerbaijan (%) 16.8 2021 yearly 2008 - 2021
Bahrain (%) 90.7 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2007 - Sep 2024
Bangladesh (%) 26.6 2024 yearly 2010 - 2024
Belarus (%) 35.9 Mar 2022 quarterly Dec 2003 - Mar 2022
Belgium (%) 106.5 Mar 2024 quarterly Dec 1980 - Mar 2024
Bolivia (%) 27.2 2014 yearly 1998 - 2014
Bosnia and Herzegovina (%) 19.1 2023 yearly 2007 - 2023
Botswana (%) 17.3 Jun 2023 quarterly Jun 2014 - Jun 2023
Brazil (%) 76.1 Dec 2024 quarterly Dec 2006 - Dec 2024
Bulgaria (%) 22.1 Jun 2024 quarterly Mar 2007 - Jun 2024
Cambodia (%) 25.3 2022 yearly 2013 - 2022
Canada (%) 69.4 2024 yearly 1962 - 2024
Chile (%) 44.0 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 2002 - Sep 2024
China (%) 25.1 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 2014 - Sep 2024
Colombia (%) 62.2 Jun 2024 quarterly Dec 2005 - Jun 2024
Croatia (%) 59.7 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 1995 - Sep 2024
Cyprus (%) 69.7 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2010 - Sep 2024
Czech Republic (%) 43.6 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2024
Denmark (%) 33.6 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2024
Ecuador (%) 67.4 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2005 - Sep 2024
Egypt (%) 68.6 Jun 2020 quarterly Jun 2006 - Jun 2020
Estonia (%) 24.0 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2024
European Union (%) 81.6 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2024
Finland (%) 81.5 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2024
France (%) 110.6 Dec 2023 quarterly Dec 1995 - Dec 2023
Georgia (%) 37.2 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2024
Germany (%) 62.4 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2024
Ghana (%) 72.3 2023 yearly 2006 - 2023
Greece (%) 158.2 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 1999 - Sep 2024
Hong Kong SAR, China (%) 49.1 2024 yearly 2003 - 2024
Hungary (%) 73.6 Dec 2024 quarterly Dec 1990 - Dec 2024
Iceland (%) 64.2 2023 yearly 1998 - 2023
India (%) 58.3 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 2012 - Sep 2024
Indonesia (%) 38.9 Sep 2024 quarterly Jun 2015 - Sep 2024
Iran (%) 7.5 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 1998 - Dec 2023
Ireland (%) 42.2 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2024
Israel (%) 60.3 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
Italy (%) 138.3 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 1995 - Sep 2024
Ivory Coast (%) 8.6 2015 yearly 1975 - 2015
Japan (%) 217.4 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 1994 - Sep 2024
Jordan (%) 91.2 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 2002 - Sep 2024
Kazakhstan (%) 21.7 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
Kenya (%) 67.6 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2009 - Sep 2024
South Korea (%) 45.7 Sep 2024 quarterly Sep 2002 - Sep 2024
Kosovo (%) 19.9 2022 yearly 2009 - 2022
Kuwait (%) 0.3 Jun 2024 quarterly Dec 2010 - Jun 2024
Kyrgyzstan (%) 41.7 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 2011 - Sep 2024
Latvia (%) 46.4 Jun 2024 quarterly Mar 2000 - Jun 2024
Lebanon (%) 150.6 2020 yearly 1998 - 2020
Lithuania (%) 38.4 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2024
Luxembourg (%) 26.6 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 1997 - Sep 2024
North Macedonia (%) 50.4 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2009 - Sep 2024
Malawi (%) 66.0 2014 yearly 2010 - 2014
Malaysia (%) 64.6 Dec 2024 quarterly Dec 2010 - Dec 2024
Malta (%) 45.3 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2024
Mauritius (%) 77.0 Dec 2024 quarterly Jun 2003 - Dec 2024
Mexico (%) 47.7 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2005 - Sep 2024
Moldova (%) 34.7 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 2007 - Sep 2024
Mongolia (%) 59.4 Dec 2021 quarterly Dec 2017 - Dec 2021
Montenegro (%) 59.8 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2010 - Sep 2024
Morocco (%) 71.5 2022 yearly 1994 - 2022
Nepal (%) 39.9 2021 yearly 1990 - 2021
Netherlands (%) 43.2 Jun 2024 quarterly Dec 1999 - Jun 2024
New Zealand (%) 44.3 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2006 - Sep 2024
Nigeria (%) 53.8 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2010 - Sep 2024
Norway (%) 44.5 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
Oman (%) 37.5 2023 yearly 1990 - 2023
Pakistan (%) 65.2 2024 yearly 2000 - 2024
Palestinian Territory (%) 116.8 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2010 - Sep 2024
Panama (%) 61.6 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2007 - Sep 2024
Paraguay (%) 36.6 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2014 - Sep 2024
Peru (%) 32.6 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 1999 - Sep 2024
Philippines (%) 60.7 Dec 2024 quarterly Mar 1993 - Dec 2024
Poland (%) 52.3 Jun 2024 quarterly Dec 2002 - Jun 2024
Portugal (%) 95.3 Dec 2024 quarterly Dec 1995 - Dec 2024
Qatar (%) 15.0 2012 yearly 2006 - 2012
Romania (%) 53.1 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2011 - Sep 2024
Russia (%) 14.6 Mar 2024 quarterly Dec 2011 - Mar 2024
Saudi Arabia (%) 28.5 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2016 - Sep 2024
Serbia (%) 47.4 Sep 2024 quarterly Sep 2004 - Sep 2024
Singapore (%) 173.1 Dec 2024 quarterly Mar 1990 - Dec 2024
Slovakia (%) 60.5 Mar 2024 quarterly Mar 2000 - Mar 2024
Slovenia (%) 66.7 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 1999 - Sep 2024
South Africa (%) 75.1 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 1960 - Sep 2024
Spain (%) 104.3 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 1995 - Sep 2024
Sri Lanka (%) 96.9 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 2014 - Sep 2024
Sweden (%) 32.0 Jun 2024 quarterly Mar 1996 - Jun 2024
Switzerland (%) 23.3 2028 yearly 1990 - 2028
Taiwan (%) 29.0 2023 yearly 1996 - 2023
Tajikistan (%) 36.3 2021 yearly 1999 - 2021
Thailand (%) 55.9 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 1997 - Sep 2024
Tunisia (%) 83.0 2023 yearly 2016 - 2023
Turkey (%) 25.6 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2001 - Sep 2024
Ukraine (%) 79.4 Dec 2023 quarterly Dec 2010 - Dec 2023

Accurate Macro & Micro Economic Data You Can Trust

Explore the most complete set of 6.6 million time series covering more than 200 economies, 20 industries and 18 macroeconomic sectors.

Learn more about what we do

Nepal Key Series

Government and Public Finance Last Frequency Range
Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP (%) -10.0 2018 yearly 2012 - 2018
Consolidated Fiscal Balance (USD mn) -271.398 Dec 2024 quarterly Mar 2017 - Dec 2024
Tax Revenue (USD mn) 944,554.686 Jun 2024 quarterly Jun 2019 - Jun 2024
Tax Revenue: % of GDP (%) 19.1 2018 yearly 2001 - 2018
National Government Debt (USD mn) 14,538.4 2021 yearly 1990 - 2021
Government Debt: % of GDP (%) 39.9 2021 yearly 1990 - 2021
Forecast: Government Expenditure (NPR bn) 2,481.360 2029 yearly 2000 - 2029
Forecast: Government Net Debt (NPR bn) 4,641.672 2029 yearly 2000 - 2029
Forecast: Government Revenue (NPR bn) 2,220.299 2029 yearly 2000 - 2029
Government Debt: Total (NPR mn) 1,735,015.267 2021 yearly 1999 - 2021
Government Debt: External (NPR mn) 934,695.200 2021 yearly 1999 - 2021
Government Domestic Debt: Annual: Bonds & Treasury Bills (NPR mn) 1,179,464.880 2024 yearly 1986 - 2024
Foreign Trade Last Frequency Range
Forecast: Exports of Goods Growth (%) 0.000 yearly -
Trade Balance (USD mn) -992.9 Jan 2025 monthly Aug 1974 - Jan 2025
Total Exports (USD mn) 183.8 Jan 2025 monthly Aug 2003 - Jan 2025
Total Exports Growth (%) 113.7 Jan 2025 monthly Aug 2004 - Jan 2025
Aluminum: Exports (USD th) 570.142 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
Exports: Medicament (USD th) 9,980.716 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
Exports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) 1,557.101 2023 yearly 1996 - 2023
Total Imports (USD mn) 1,176.7 Jan 2025 monthly Aug 2003 - Jan 2025
Total Imports Growth (%) 27.7 Jan 2025 monthly Aug 2004 - Jan 2025
Imports: Medicament (USD th) 175,698.810 2023 yearly 1998 - 2023
Imports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) 217,440.422 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
Total Exports to USA (USD mn) 14.865 Oct 2024 monthly Sep 1983 - Oct 2024
Total Imports from USA (USD mn) 9.507 Oct 2024 monthly Jan 1981 - Oct 2024
Total Exports to China (USD mn) 1.290 Jan 2025 monthly Apr 2013 - Jan 2025
Total Imports from China (USD mn) 213.319 Jan 2025 monthly Apr 2013 - Jan 2025
Exports: fob: Custom Basis (NPR mn) 25,129.476 Jan 2025 monthly Aug 2003 - Jan 2025
Imports: cif: Custom Basis (NPR mn) 160,881.953 Jan 2025 monthly Aug 2003 - Jan 2025
Exports: fob: Custom Basis: Other Countries (NPR mn) 3,252.126 Jan 2025 monthly Aug 2003 - Jan 2025
Trade Balance: Custom Basis (NPR mn) -135,752.477 Jan 2025 monthly Aug 2003 - Jan 2025
Imports: cif: Custom Basis: Other Countries (NPR mn) 39,421.313 Jan 2025 monthly Aug 2003 - Jan 2025
Exports: fob: Custom Basis: India (NPR mn) 21,700.909 Jan 2025 monthly Aug 2003 - Jan 2025
Imports: cif: Custom Basis: India (NPR mn) 92,294.920 Jan 2025 monthly Aug 2003 - Jan 2025
Imports: cif: Custom Basis: China (NPR mn) 29,165.720 Jan 2025 monthly Apr 2013 - Jan 2025
Exports: fob: Custom Basis: China (NPR mn) 176.440 Jan 2025 monthly Apr 2013 - Jan 2025
Exports: Manufactured Goods Classified by Materials (NPR mn) 6,775.379 Jul 2024 monthly Aug 2003 - Jul 2024
Exports: Chemicals (NPR mn) 750.915 Jul 2024 monthly Aug 2003 - Jul 2024
Exports: Crude Materials Inedible: Except Fuel (NPR mn) 418.064 Jul 2024 monthly Aug 2003 - Jul 2024
Exports: Miscellaneous Manufactures Articles (NPR mn) 1,815.500 Jul 2024 monthly Aug 2003 - Jul 2024
Exports: Food & Live Animals (NPR mn) 3,095.441 Jul 2024 monthly Aug 2003 - Jul 2024
Import Volume Index (2015=100) 187.157 2021 yearly 2000 - 2021
Export Volume Index (2015=100) 171.601 2021 yearly 2000 - 2021
Export Value Index (2015=100) 233.718 2021 yearly 1980 - 2021
Import Value Index (2015=100) 238.930 2021 yearly 1980 - 2021
Balance of Payments Last Frequency Range
Current Account Balance (USD mn) 267.8 Jan 2025 quarterly Oct 2000 - Jan 2025
Current Account Balance: % of GDP (%) 3.9 2024 yearly 2001 - 2024
Foreign Direct Investment (USD mn) 11.8 Jan 2025 quarterly Oct 2000 - Jan 2025
Foreign Direct Investment: % of GDP (%) 0.1 2024 yearly 2001 - 2024
External Debt (USD mn) 10,519.7 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 2012 - Sep 2024
External Debt: % of GDP (%) 17.3 2016 yearly 2001 - 2016
External Debt: Short Term (USD mn) 321.9 2022 yearly 1977 - 2022
Forecast: Current Account Balance (USD bn) -2.523 2029 yearly 1980 - 2029
Net International Investment Position (USD mn) 1,716.243 Jun 2024 quarterly Dec 2012 - Jun 2024
NP: BoP: Financial Account: Portfolio Investment (USD mn) 0.000 Jun 2020 quarterly Mar 1977 - Jun 2020
NP: BoP: Financial Account: Portfolio Investment: Liabilities (USD mn) 0.000 Jun 2020 quarterly Mar 1977 - Jun 2020
NP: BoP: Financial Account: Portfolio Investment: Assets (USD mn) 0.000 Jun 2020 quarterly Mar 1977 - Jun 2020
BoP: Financial Account (NPR mn) 63,943.939 Jul 2024 quarterly Oct 2000 - Jul 2024
BoP: Financial Account: Portfolio Investment (NPR mn) 0.000 Jul 2024 quarterly Oct 2000 - Jul 2024
BoP: Financial Account: Direct Investment in Nepal (NPR mn) 1,919.110 Jul 2024 quarterly Oct 2000 - Jul 2024
BoP: Capital Account (NPR mn) 1,036.240 Jul 2024 quarterly Oct 2000 - Jul 2024
Monetary Last Frequency Range
Non Performing Loans Ratio (%) 2.5 2015 yearly 2003 - 2015
Non-Performing Loans (USD mn) 267.883 2015 yearly 2003 - 2015
Money Supply M1 (USD mn) 7,101.198 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2001 - Jan 2025
Money Supply M2 (USD mn) 52,688.613 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2001 - Jan 2025
M2 Growth (%) 10.2 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Reserve Requirement Ratio (%) 4.0 Jan 2025 monthly Jul 2003 - Jan 2025
Foreign Exchange Reserves (USD mn) 15,066.1 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of GDP (%) 4.000 Dec 2024 monthly Jul 2003 - Dec 2024
Foreign Exchange Reserves: Months of Import (NA) 12.8 Jan 2025 monthly Aug 2003 - Jan 2025
Gold Reserves (USD mn) 688.668 Jan 2025 monthly Jul 1957 - Jan 2025
Total Deposits (USD mn) 40,192.035 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2001 - Jan 2025
Total Deposits Growth (%) 8.8 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Domestic Credit (USD mn) 48,345.5 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2001 - Jan 2025
Domestic Credit Growth (%) 4.8 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Total Loans (USD mn) 34,435.905 Jul 2024 monthly Jan 2001 - Jul 2024
Total Loans Growth (%) 6.13 Jul 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Jul 2024
Private Debt: % of Nominal GDP (%) 74.44 2024 yearly 2003 - 2024
Monetary Survey: Domestic Credits (DO) (NPR mn) 6,649,924.451 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2001 - Jan 2025
Monetary Survey: Narrow Money M1 (NPR mn) 976,769.717 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2001 - Jan 2025
Monetary Survey: Broad Money M2 (NPR mn) 7,247,318.669 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2001 - Jan 2025
Foreign Reserve (USD mn) 15,942.871 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Commercial Banks: Loans & Advances (NPR mn) 1,945,068.90 Jan 2018 monthly Jan 2001 - Jan 2018
Commercial Banks: Deposits exclude Interbank (NPR mn) 5,528,414.419 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2001 - Jan 2025
CB: NPL (NPR mn) 27,174.060 2015 yearly 2003 - 2015

More Indicators for Nepal

Request a demo of CEIC

CEIC’s economic databases cover over 200 global markets. Our Platform offers the most reliable macroeconomic data and advanced analytical tools.

Request a demo
Please note, product demos are not available for students. Please click here to find out more about the version of CEIC available for student users.
Unlimited access tailored to your data needs
Flexible monthly access to CEIC data