European Union Producer Price Index Growth

1997 - 2023 | Monthly | % | CEIC Data

Key information about European Union Producer Price Index Growth

  • European Union Producer Price Index (PPI) dropped -1.6 % YoY in May 2023, compared with a growth of 0.7 % YoY in the previous month.
  • EU Producer Price Index data is updated monthly, available from Jan 1997 to May 2023, with an average change of 1.7 % YoY.
  • The data reached an all-time high of 35.3 % YoY in Aug 2022 and a record low of -6.8 % YoY in Jul 2009.

CEIC calculates Producer Price Index Growth from monthly Producer Price Index. Eurostat provides Producer Price Index with base 2015=100. Producer Price Index Growth prior to January 2001 is calculated from Producer Price Index with base 2010=100 that includes United Kingdom. European Union stands for EU27 excluding UK.

View European Union's Producer Price Index Growth from Jan 1997 to May 2023 in the chart:

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European Union Producer Price Index Growth
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European Union Producer Price Index Growth

What was European Union's Producer Price Index Growth in May 2023?

European Union Producer Price Index (PPI) dropped -1.6 % YoY in May 2023, compared with a growth of 0.7 % YoY in the previous month. See the table below for more data.

Last Previous Min Max Unit Frequency Range
-1.6 May 2023 0.7 Apr 2023 -6.8 Jul 2009 35.3 Aug 2022 % monthly Jan 1997 - May 2023

Producer Price Index Growth by Country Comparison

country/region Last Frequency Range
Albania (%) 2.3 Dec 2023 monthly Apr 2008 - Dec 2023
Algeria (%) 0.4 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 1998 - Sep 2024
Argentina (%) 32.9 Feb 2025 monthly Jan 1995 - Feb 2025
Armenia (%) -3.3 Apr 2023 monthly Jan 2004 - Apr 2023
Australia (%) 5.2 Mar 2023 quarterly Sep 1999 - Mar 2023
Austria (%) 16.7 Dec 2021 monthly Jan 1997 - Dec 2021
Azerbaijan (%) -22.4 May 2023 monthly Dec 2005 - May 2023
Bangladesh (%) 5.5 Sep 2022 monthly Jul 2016 - Sep 2022
Belarus (%) 0.3 May 2023 monthly Jan 2001 - May 2023
Belgium (%) -5.7 May 2023 monthly Jan 1958 - May 2023
Bolivia (%) 1.8 2014 yearly 1992 - 2014
Bosnia and Herzegovina (%) 1.7 May 2023 monthly Dec 2007 - May 2023
Botswana (%) 11.6 Jun 2024 quarterly Mar 2019 - Jun 2024
Brazil (%) -11.5 Jul 2023 monthly Aug 1995 - Jul 2023
Bulgaria (%) -6.7 May 2023 monthly Jan 2006 - May 2023
Canada (%) 4.9 Feb 2025 monthly Jan 1957 - Feb 2025
Chile (%) 12.7 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2010 - Jan 2025
China (%) -4.6 May 2023 monthly Jan 1993 - May 2023
Colombia (%) 5.9 Feb 2025 monthly Jan 1958 - Feb 2025
Croatia (%) 2.5 May 2023 monthly Jan 1996 - May 2023
Cyprus (%) 7.3 May 2023 monthly Jan 2001 - May 2023
Czech Republic (%) 3.6 May 2023 monthly Jan 1991 - May 2023
Denmark (%) 14.6 Feb 2025 monthly Jan 2001 - Feb 2025
Ecuador (%) 6.5 Feb 2025 monthly Jan 1999 - Feb 2025
Egypt (%) 22.0 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2007 - Jan 2025
Estonia (%) 0.8 May 2023 monthly Jan 1995 - May 2023
European Union (%) -1.6 May 2023 monthly Jan 1997 - May 2023
Finland (%) -6.5 May 2023 monthly Jan 1971 - May 2023
France (%) 3.4 May 2023 monthly Dec 1990 - May 2023
Georgia (%) -5.8 May 2023 monthly Jun 1998 - May 2023
Germany (%) 1.0 May 2023 monthly Jan 1977 - May 2023
Ghana (%) 28.5 Jan 2025 monthly Oct 2007 - Jan 2025
Greece (%) -12.9 May 2023 monthly Jan 1996 - May 2023
Hong Kong SAR, China (%) 4.1 Dec 2024 quarterly Mar 1991 - Dec 2024
Hungary (%) 11.2 May 2023 monthly Jun 1978 - May 2023
Iceland (%) -2.8 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 2007 - Jun 2023
India (%) 2.4 Dec 2024 monthly Apr 1995 - Dec 2024
Indonesia (%) 3.9 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1972 - Jun 2023
Iran (%) 52.9 Jan 2019 monthly Jun 2002 - Jan 2019
Ireland (%) -1.1 May 2023 monthly Jan 1958 - May 2023
Israel (%) 0.7 Feb 2025 monthly Jan 1978 - Feb 2025
Italy (%) -4.3 May 2023 monthly Jan 1982 - May 2023
Ivory Coast (%) 12.7 Feb 2022 monthly Dec 2019 - Feb 2022
Japan (%) 5.1 May 2023 monthly Jan 1961 - May 2023
Jordan (%) 0.9 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2003 - Jan 2025
Kazakhstan (%) -6.5 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1996 - Jun 2023
Kenya (%) 15.8 Dec 2022 quarterly Jun 2012 - Dec 2022
South Korea (%) 0.6 May 2023 monthly Jul 1911 - May 2023
Kosovo (%) 8.5 Dec 2024 quarterly Mar 2009 - Dec 2024
Kuwait (%) 0.7 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 1974 - Dec 2024
Kyrgyzstan (%) 14.3 May 2023 monthly Jan 1994 - May 2023
Latvia (%) -0.3 Jan 2025 monthly Dec 1994 - Jan 2025
Lithuania (%) -5.6 May 2023 monthly Jan 1997 - May 2023
Luxembourg (%) -1.2 May 2023 monthly Jan 1981 - May 2023
North Macedonia (%) 5.9 May 2023 monthly Dec 2003 - May 2023
Malawi (%) 29.0 May 2024 monthly Jan 2020 - May 2024
Malaysia (%) 0.8 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2011 - Jan 2025
Mauritius (%) 6.7 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2014 - Dec 2024
Mexico (%) 7.9 Feb 2025 monthly Jan 1970 - Feb 2025
Moldova (%) 15.0 May 2023 monthly Jan 2008 - May 2023
Mongolia (%) 1.8 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2011 - Jan 2025
Montenegro (%) 1.9 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2001 - Dec 2024
Morocco (%) 0.3 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2005 - Jan 2025
Mozambique (%) -0.7 Jun 2023 monthly Jun 2012 - Jun 2023
Nepal (%) 5.7 Jun 2022 quarterly Sep 2016 - Jun 2022
Netherlands (%) -4.9 May 2023 monthly Jan 1982 - May 2023
New Zealand (%) 5.3 Mar 2023 quarterly Dec 1978 - Mar 2023
Norway (%) -23.5 May 2023 monthly Jan 1978 - May 2023
Oman (%) 1.1 Mar 2023 quarterly Mar 2008 - Mar 2023
Pakistan (%) 22.4 Jun 2023 monthly Jul 1962 - Jun 2023
Palestinian Territory (%) 17.8 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2012 - Jan 2025
Panama (%) 0.2 Nov 2024 quarterly Feb 2018 - Nov 2024
Paraguay (%) 4.1 Jan 2025 monthly Dec 1996 - Jan 2025
Peru (%) -2.9 Apr 2023 monthly Jan 2017 - Apr 2023
Philippines (%) 2.0 May 2023 monthly Jan 1994 - May 2023
Poland (%) 11.3 May 2023 monthly Jun 1986 - May 2023
Portugal (%) -0.4 Feb 2025 monthly Jan 2001 - Feb 2025
Qatar (%) -6.8 Dec 2024 monthly Apr 2015 - Dec 2024
Romania (%) 7.7 May 2023 monthly Jan 1991 - May 2023
Russia (%) 9.7 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2013 - Jan 2025
Saudi Arabia (%) 22.4 2011 yearly 1969 - 2011
Serbia (%) 1.2 Jun 2023 monthly Feb 2004 - Jun 2023
Singapore (%) -8.2 May 2023 monthly Jan 1975 - May 2023
Slovakia (%) 8.4 May 2023 monthly Jan 1994 - May 2023
Slovenia (%) 6.6 May 2023 monthly Jan 2001 - May 2023
South Africa (%) 1.1 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2013 - Jan 2025
Spain (%) -6.9 May 2023 monthly Jan 1975 - May 2023
Sri Lanka (%) -3.6 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2015 - Jan 2025
Sweden (%) -1.7 May 2023 monthly Jan 1972 - May 2023
Switzerland (%) 2.0 May 2023 monthly Jan 1964 - May 2023
Syria (%) 58.4 2021 yearly 2013 - 2021
Taiwan (%) 7.1 Dec 2022 monthly Jan 1953 - Dec 2022
Tajikistan (%) 56.6 Jan 2025 monthly Dec 1995 - Jan 2025
Thailand (%) -6.6 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1958 - Jun 2023
Tunisia (%) 4.9 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2001 - Dec 2024
Turkey (%) 40.4 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1987 - Jun 2023
Ukraine (%) 53.5 Feb 2022 monthly Jan 1996 - Feb 2022
United Arab Emirates (%) 4.7 Mar 2021 quarterly Mar 2016 - Mar 2021
United Kingdom (%) 2.8 May 2023 monthly Jan 1958 - May 2023

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European Union Key Series

Government and Public Finance Last Frequency Range
Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP (%) -3.5 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
Consolidated Fiscal Balance (USD mn) -650,538.637 2023 yearly 1999 - 2023
Tax Revenue (USD mn) 4,799,122.424 2023 yearly 1999 - 2023
Tax Revenue: % of GDP (%) 25.8 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
National Government Debt (USD mn) 16,136,898.4 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2024
Government Debt: % of GDP (%) 81.6 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2024
BE: General Government Debt: % of GDP (%) 103.100 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
General Govt: Expenditure: EA 19 (EUR mn) 7,191,486.400 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
General Govt: Balance: EA 19 (EUR mn) -520,844.400 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
General Govt: Revenue: EA 19 (EUR mn) 6,670,642.200 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
General Govt: Revenue: EA 19: Current Taxes on Income Wealth and Etc (EUR mn) 1,503,285.600 2018 yearly 1995 - 2018
General Govt: Revenue: EA 19: Production and Import Tax (EUR mn) 1,504,935.500 2018 yearly 1995 - 2018
General Govt: Expenditure: EU 28: Current Taxes on Income Wealth (EUR mn) 3,875.300 2018 yearly 2001 - 2018
General Govt: Revenue: EU 28: Production and Import Tax (EUR mn) 2,129,883.400 2018 yearly 2001 - 2018
General Govt: Expenditure: EA 19: Capital Transfer (EUR mn) 123,173.500 2018 yearly 1995 - 2018
General Govt: Expenditure: EU 28: Capital Transfer (EUR mn) 158,376.700 2018 yearly 2001 - 2018
General Govt: Expenditure: EU 27E: Total (EUR mn) 8,427,489.300 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
General Govt: Expenditure: EU 27E: Capital Transfer (EUR mn) 322,337.600 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
General Govt: Expenditure: EU 27E: Cur Taxes on Income Wealth & Etc (EUR mn) 4,993.600 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
General Govt: Revenue: EU 27E: Total (EUR mn) 7,825,979.600 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
General Govt: Balance: EU 27 excl UK (EU 27E) (EUR mn) -601,509.900 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
General Govt: Revenue: EU 27E: Current Taxes on Income Wealth & Etc (EUR mn) 2,245,569.200 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
General Govt: Revenue: EU 27E: Production and Import Tax (EUR mn) 2,191,859.300 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
General Govt: Balance: EA 20 (EUR mn) -521,511.800 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
General Govt: Revenue: EA 20: Production and Import Tax (EUR mn) 1,801,931.500 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
General Govt: Expenditure: EA 20: Capital Transfer (EUR mn) 293,650.500 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
General Govt: Revenue: EA 20 (EUR mn) 6,706,357.600 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
General Govt: Expenditure: EA 20 (EUR mn) 7,227,869.200 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
SSC: Balance: EU 27 excl UK (EU 27E) (EUR mn) 52,217.400 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
SSC: Balance: EA 20 (EUR mn) 54,064.300 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
Gross Debt: General Government: EU 27 excl UK (EUR mn) 14,479,047.500 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2024
Gross Debt: General Govt: SFD: Long Term: EU 27 excl UK (EUR mn) 10,796,947.300 2023 yearly 2000 - 2023
Gross Debt: General Govt: SFD: Short Term: EU 27 excl UK (EUR mn) 719,393.800 2023 yearly 2000 - 2023
General Government Debt: % of GDP: EU 27 excl UK (%) 80.800 2023 yearly 2000 - 2023
Foreign Trade Last Frequency Range
Trade Balance (USD mn) 13,548.6 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2024
Total Exports (USD mn) 228,100.9 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2024
Total Exports Growth (%) 2.8 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2003 - Dec 2024
Total Imports (USD mn) 214,552.4 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2024
Total Imports Growth (%) 1.8 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2003 - Dec 2024
Total Exports to USA (USD mn) 47,557.750 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2024
Total Imports from USA (USD mn) 28,779.360 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2024
Total Exports to China (USD mn) 17,587.933 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2024
Total Imports from China (USD mn) 46,171.257 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2024
AT: Exports Volume Index: swda (2015=100) 90.000 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2000 - Nov 2024
AT: Imports Volume Index: swda (2015=100) 87.500 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2000 - Nov 2024
BE: Trade Balance: swda (EUR mn) 2,157.000 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 1999 - Dec 2024
Trade Balance: EA 19 (EUR bn) 22.51 Jun 2018 monthly Jan 1999 - Jun 2018
Trade Balance: EU 27E (EUR bn) -5.411 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Exports: EU 27E (EUR bn) 208.680 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Imports: EU 27 excl UK (EU 27E) (EUR bn) 214.091 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Imports: Growth Rate: YoY (%) 3.900 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2003 - Dec 2024
Exports: Growth Rate: YoY (%) 3.700 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2003 - Dec 2024
Exports: EA20: Growth Rate: YoY (%) 3.100 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2003 - Dec 2024
Imports: EA20: Growth Rate: YoY (%) 3.800 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2003 - Dec 2024
Trade Balance: swda: EU 27E (EUR bn) 10.075 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Exports: swda: EU 27E (EUR bn) 222.496 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Imports: swda: EU 27 excl UK (EU 27E) (EUR bn) 212.421 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Exports: swda: EA 20 (EUR bn) 240.803 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2024
Imports: swda: Growth Rate: MoM (%) -1.200 Dec 2024 monthly Feb 2002 - Dec 2024
Exports: swda: Growth Rate: MoM (%) 0.100 Dec 2024 monthly Feb 2002 - Dec 2024
Exports: swda: EA20: Growth Rate: MoM (%) 0.600 Dec 2024 monthly Feb 2002 - Dec 2024
Imports: swda: EA20: Growth Rate: MoM (%) -0.200 Dec 2024 monthly Feb 2002 - Dec 2024
Exports: EA 19: Machinery and Transport Equipment (EUR bn) 75.377 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1999 - Feb 2019
Exports: EA 19: Other Manufactured Products (EUR bn) 44.525 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1999 - Feb 2019
Exports: EA 19: Chemicals & Related Products, nes (EUR bn) 34.092 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1999 - Feb 2019
Exports: EA 19: Crude Materials, Inedible Except Fuels (EUR bn) 4.222 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1999 - Feb 2019
Exports: EA 19: Food, Drink and Tobacco (EUR bn) 13.662 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1999 - Feb 2019
Imports: EA 19: Machinery and Transport Equipment (EUR bn) 56.766 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1999 - Feb 2019
Imports: EA 19: Other Manufactured Products (EUR bn) 43.113 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1999 - Feb 2019
Imports: EA 19: Chemicals & Related Products, nes (EUR bn) 20.204 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1999 - Feb 2019
Imports: EA 19: Crude Materials, Inedible Except Fuels (EUR bn) 6.096 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1999 - Feb 2019
Imports: EA 19: Food, Drink and Tobacco (EUR bn) 10.865 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1999 - Feb 2019
Exports: EU 28: MP: OP: MG: Iron & Steel (EUR bn) 2.838 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 2000 - Feb 2019
Exports: EU 28: MP: CR: Medicinal & Pharmaceutical (EUR bn) 14.257 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 2000 - Feb 2019
Imports: EU 28: MP: OP: MG: Iron & Steel (EUR bn) 3.146 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 2000 - Feb 2019
Imports: EU 28: MP: CR: Medicinal & Pharmaceutical (EUR bn) 7.177 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 2000 - Feb 2019
Exports: EU 27E: MP: OP: MG: Iron & Steel (EUR bn) 3.015 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1999 - Jan 2025
Exports: EU 27E: CR: Medicinal & Pharmaceutical (EUR bn) 30.033 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1999 - Jan 2025
Imports: EU 27E: MP: OP: MG: Iron & Steel (EUR bn) 4.993 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1999 - Jan 2025
Imports: EU 27E: CR: Medicinal & Pharmaceutical (EUR bn) 10.347 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1999 - Jan 2025
Exports: EU 27E: MP: Machinery & Transport Equipment (MT) (EUR bn) 76.148 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Exports: EU 27E: MP: Other Manufactured Products (OP) (EUR bn) 43.915 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Exports: EU 27E: MP: Chemicals & Related Products, nes (CR) (EUR bn) 51.414 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Exports: EU 27E: RM: Crude Materials, Inedible except Fuels (CI) (EUR bn) 4.845 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Exports: EU 27E: Food, Drink & Tobacco (FT) (EUR bn) 16.963 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Imports: EU 27E: MP: Machinery & Transport Equipment (MT) (EUR bn) 67.120 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Imports: EU 27E: MP: Other Manufactured Products (OP) (EUR bn) 51.731 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Imports: EU 27E: MP: Chemicals & Related Products, nes (CR) (EUR bn) 28.407 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Imports: EU 27E: RM: Crude Materials, Inedible except Fuels (CI) (EUR bn) 6.929 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Imports: EU 27E: Food, Drink and Tobacco (FT) (FT) (EUR bn) 14.809 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Imports: EA 20: MP: OP: Machinery & Transport Equipment (EUR bn) 73.295 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2024
Exports: EA 20: Food, Drink & Tobacco (FT) (EUR bn) 18.966 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2024
Exports: EA 20: MP: Other Manufactured Products (OP) (EUR bn) 49.417 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2024
Exports: EA 20: MP: OP: Machinery & Transport Equipment (EUR bn) 95.423 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
Exports: swda: EA 19: Machinery and Transport Equipment (EUR bn) 80.203 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1999 - Feb 2019
Exports: swda: EA 19: Other Manufactured Products (EUR bn) 46.325 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1999 - Feb 2019
Exports: swda: EA 19: Chemicals & Related Products, nes (EUR bn) 35.365 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1999 - Feb 2019
Exports: swda: EA 19: Crude Materials, Inedible Except Fuels (EUR bn) 4.127 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1999 - Feb 2019
Exports: swda: EA 19: Food, Drink and Tobacco (EUR bn) 14.629 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1999 - Feb 2019
Imports: swda: EA 19: Machinery and Transport Equipment (EUR bn) 60.256 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1999 - Feb 2019
Imports: swda: EA 19: Other Manufactured Products (EUR bn) 44.118 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1999 - Feb 2019
Imports: swda: EA 19: Chemicals & Related Products, nes (EUR bn) 20.402 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1999 - Feb 2019
Imports: swda: EA 19: Crude Materials, Inedible Except Fuels (EUR bn) 6.423 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1999 - Feb 2019
Imports: swda: EA 19: Food, Drink and Tobacco (EUR bn) 11.856 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1999 - Feb 2019
Exports: swda: EU 27E: MP: Machinery & Transport Equipment (MT) (EUR bn) 85.818 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Exports: swda: EU 27E: MP: Other Manufactured Products (OP) (EUR bn) 46.932 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Exports: swda: EU 27E: MP: Chemicals & Related Products, nes (CR) (EUR bn) 50.684 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Exports: swda: EU 27E: RM: Crude Materials, Inedible ex Fuels (CI) (EUR bn) 5.019 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Exports: swda: EU 27E: Food, Drink & Tobacco (FT) (EUR bn) 18.079 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Imports: swda: EU 27E: MP: Machinery & Transport Equipment (MT) (EUR bn) 68.050 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Imports: swda: EU 27E: MP: Other Manufactured Products (OP) (EUR bn) 51.211 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Imports: swda: EU 27E: MP: Chemicals & Related Products, nes (CR) (EUR bn) 27.834 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Imports: swda: EU 27E: RM: Crude Materials, Inedible ex Fuels (CI) (EUR bn) 6.733 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Imports: swda: EU 27E: Food, Drink & Tobacco (FT) (EUR bn) 14.525 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2025
Imports: swda: EA 20: Food, Drink & Tobacco (FT) (EUR bn) 17.318 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
Imports: swda: EA 20: RM: Crude Materials, Inedible Except Fuels (EUR bn) 6.995 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
Imports: swda: EA 20: MP: Other Manufactured Products (OP) (EUR bn) 53.756 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
Exports: swda: EA 20: Food, Drink & Tobacco (FT) (EUR bn) 19.565 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
Exports: swda: EA 20: RM: Crude Materials, Inedible Except Fuels (EUR bn) 5.147 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
Exports: swda: EA 20: MP: Other Manufactured Products (OP) (EUR bn) 54.255 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2024
Exports: swda: EA 20: MP: OP: Machinery & Transport Equipment (EUR bn) 91.106 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2024
Exports: swda: EU 27E: China: Total (EUR bn) 16.795 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2024
Imports: swda: EU 27E: China: Total (EUR bn) 44.090 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2024
Exports: EU 27E: China: Total (EUR bn) 16.586 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2024
Imports: EU 27 excl UK (EU 27E): China: Total (EUR bn) 40.195 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2024
Exports: swda: EU 27E: Russia: Total (EUR bn) 2.428 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2024
Imports: swda: EU 27E: Russia: Total (EUR bn) 3.377 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2024
Exports: EU 27E: Russia: Total (EUR bn) 2.897 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
Imports: EU 27 excl UK (EU 27E): Russia: Total (EUR bn) 2.935 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
Exports: swda: EU 27E: Switzerland: Total (EUR bn) 16.901 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2024
Imports: swda: EU 27E: Switzerland: Total (EUR bn) 11.706 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2024
Exports: EU 27E: Switzerland: Total (EUR bn) 17.514 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
Imports: EU 27 excl UK (EU 27E): Switzerland: Total (EUR bn) 14.887 Oct 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Oct 2024
Exports: swda: EU 27E: Turkey: Total (EUR bn) 9.742 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
Imports: swda: EU 27E: Turkey: Total (EUR bn) 8.163 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
Exports: EU 27E: Turkey: Total (EUR bn) 9.864 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
Imports: EU 27 excl UK (EU 27E): Turkey: Total (EUR bn) 8.055 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
Exports: swda: EU 27E: United States: Total (EUR bn) 45.414 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2024
Imports: swda: EU 27E: United States: Total (EUR bn) 27.482 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2024
Exports: EU 27E: United States: Total (EUR bn) 41.554 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2024
Imports: EU 27 excl UK (EU 27E): United States: Total (EUR bn) 26.119 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2024
Exports Volume Index: EU27E (2015=100) 94.800 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
Imports Volume Index: EU27E (2015=100) 106.600 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
Exports Unit Value Index: EU27E (2015=100) 151.900 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
Imports Unit Value Index: EU27E (2015=100) 146.100 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
Exports Volume Index: swda: EU27E (2015=100) 92.900 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
Imports Volume Index: swda: EU27E (2015=100) 106.300 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
EVI: EU 27E: Raw Materials (2015=100) 109.600 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
EVI: EU 27E: Machinery and Transport Equipment (2015=100) 82.300 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
EVI: EU 27E: Chemicals & Related Products, nes (2015=100) 132.900 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
EVI: EU 27E: Mineral Fuels, Lubricants (2015=100) 119.600 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
EVI: EU 27E: Food and Live Animals (2015=100) 114.800 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
IVI: EU 27E: Manufactured Products (2015=100) 107.700 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
IVI: EU 27E: Raw Materials (2015=100) 103.600 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
IVI: EU 27E: Machinery and Transport Equipment (2015=100) 118.600 Oct 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Oct 2024
IVI: EU 27E: Petroleum Products (2015=100) 182.600 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
IVI: EU 27E: Crude Materials, Inedible (2015=100) 103.100 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
EVI: swda: EU 27E: Raw Materials (2015=100) 108.700 Oct 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Oct 2024
EVI: swda: EU 27E: Machinery and Transport Equipment (2015=100) 78.300 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
EVI: swda: EU 27E: Chemicals & Related Products, nes (2015=100) 132.100 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
EVI: swda: EU 27E: Mineral Fuels, Lubricants (2015=100) 125.400 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
EVI: swda: EU 27E: Crude Materials, Inedible (2015=100) 108.900 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
IVI: swda: EU 27E: Raw Materials (2015=100) 107.100 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
IVI: swda: EU 27E: Petroleum Products (2015=100) 189.500 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
IVI: swda: EU 27E: Mineral Fuels, Lubricants (2015=100) 152.000 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
IVI: swda: EU 27E: Crude Materials, Inedible (2015=100) 106.800 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
IVI: swda: EU 27E: Beverages and Tobacco (2015=100) 105.400 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Nov 2024
Balance of Payments Last Frequency Range
Direct Investment Abroad (USD mn) 7,210.3 Nov 2024 monthly Apr 1999 - Nov 2024
Current Account Balance (USD mn) 133,240.7 Dec 2024 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2024
Current Account Balance: % of GDP (%) 2.7 Dec 2024 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2024
Foreign Direct Investment (USD mn) 4,825.5 Nov 2024 monthly Apr 1999 - Nov 2024
Foreign Direct Investment: % of GDP (%) 0.9 Mar 2023 quarterly Mar 1999 - Mar 2023
Foreign Portfolio Investment (USD mn) 239,270.288 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 1999 - Sep 2024
Foreign Portfolio Investment: % of GDP (%) 3.6 Dec 2024 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2024
Foreign Portfolio Investment: Equity Securities (USD mn) 106,462.7 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 1999 - Sep 2024
Foreign Portfolio Investment: Debt Securities (USD mn) 132,807.557 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 1999 - Sep 2024
External Debt (USD mn) 18,601,546.0 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 2008 - Sep 2024
External Debt: % of GDP (%) 111.1 2023 yearly 2008 - 2023
Total Debt: % of GDP (%) 719.1 2022 yearly 2001 - 2022
Net International Investment Position (USD mn) 1,239,534.096 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 1999 - Sep 2024
BOP: EU27E: Current and Capital Account (EUR bn) 95.277 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: Current Account: Services (EUR bn) 4.385 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: Capital Account (EUR bn) -9.274 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: Current Account: Primary Income (EUR bn) 28.383 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: Current Account: Goods (EUR bn) 91.994 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: Financial Account: Direct Investment (DI) (EUR bn) 167.086 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 2008 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: FA: Portfolio Investment (PI) (EUR bn) 123.204 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 2008 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: Credit: Current Account (EUR bn) 1,050.863 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: Credit: Current and Capital Account (EUR bn) 1,058.971 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: Credit: Current Account: Goods (EUR bn) 569.427 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: Credit: Current Account: Primary Income (EUR bn) 190.739 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: Credit: Current Account: Secondary Income (EUR bn) 24.371 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: Credit: Capital Account (EUR bn) 8.108 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: Credit: Current Account: Services (EUR bn) 266.326 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: Credit: Financial Account: Direct Investment (EUR bn) -62.153 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 2008 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: Credit: FA: Portfolio Investment (EUR bn) 158.279 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 2008 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: Debit: Current Account (EUR bn) 946.312 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: Debit: Current and Capital Account (EUR bn) 963.694 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: Debit: Current Account: Goods (EUR bn) 477.433 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: Debit: Current Account: Primary Income (EUR bn) 162.355 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: Debit: Current Account: Secondary Income (EUR bn) 44.582 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: Debit: Capital Account (EUR bn) 17.383 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: Debit: Current Account: Services (EUR bn) 261.941 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: Debit: Financial Account: Direct Investment (EUR bn) -229.238 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 2008 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: Debit: FA: Portfolio Investment (EUR bn) 35.075 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 2008 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: Debit: FA: PI: Equity & Investment Fund (EUR bn) 95.930 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 2008 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: Debit: FA: PI: Debt Securities (EUR bn) -60.849 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 2008 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: swda: Current Account (EUR bn) 90.896 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: swda: Current Account: Goods (EUR bn) 83.445 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: swda: Current Account: Primary Income (EUR bn) 10.779 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: swda: Current Account: Secondary Income (EUR bn) -15.452 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: swda: Current Account: Services (EUR bn) 12.124 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: swda: Credit: Current Account (EUR bn) 1,029.929 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: swda: Credit: Current Account: Goods (EUR bn) 556.488 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: swda: Credit: Current Account: Primary Income (EUR bn) 187.329 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: swda: Credit: Current Account: Secondary Income (EUR bn) 24.902 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: swda: Credit: Current Account: Services (EUR bn) 261.210 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: swda: Debit: Current Account (EUR bn) 939.032 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: swda: Debit: Current Account: Goods (EUR bn) 473.043 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: swda: Debit: Current Account: Primary Income (EUR bn) 176.550 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: swda: Debit: Current Account: Secondary Income (EUR bn) 40.353 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EU27E: swda: Debit: Current Account: Services (EUR bn) 249.086 Dec 2019 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2019
BOP: EA 20: CA: Credit (EUR bn) 487.824 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2013 - Nov 2024
BoP: EA 20: CA: Services: Debit (EUR bn) 110.434 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2013 - Nov 2024
BOP: EA 20: CA: Primary Income (PA) (EUR bn) 3.793 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2013 - Nov 2024
BOP: EA 20: CA: Secondary Income: Debit (EUR bn) 28.597 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2013 - Nov 2024
BOP: EA 20: Net Errors & Omissions (EUR bn) -26.756 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2013 - Nov 2024
BOP: EA 20: swda: CA: Credit (EUR bn) 486.650 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2013 - Nov 2024
BoP: EA 20: swda: CA: Services: Debit (EUR bn) 108.575 Nov 2024 monthly Jan 2013 - Nov 2024
FDI: Flow: Outward: EU 27E: EU 27E (EUR mn) 102,878.100 2023 yearly 2013 - 2023
FDI: Flow: Outward: EU 27E: Belgium (EUR mn) 21,407.000 2023 yearly 2013 - 2023
FDI: Flow: Outward: EU 27E: Luxembourg (EUR mn) 49,089.200 2023 yearly 2013 - 2023
FDI: Flow: Outward: EU 27E: Netherlands (EUR mn) -8,561.300 2023 yearly 2013 - 2023
FDI: Flow: Outward: EU 27E: America: United States (EUR mn) -237,655.800 2023 yearly 2013 - 2023
FDI: Flow: Outward: EU 27E: United Kingdom (EUR mn) -9,514.000 2023 yearly 2013 - 2023
FDI: Flow: Inward: EU 27E: America: United States (EUR mn) -307,359.700 2023 yearly 2013 - 2023
FDI: Flow: Inward: EU 27E: Luxembourg (EUR mn) -11,829.400 2023 yearly 2013 - 2023
FDI: Flow: Inward: EU 27E: Germany (EUR mn) 45,992.900 2023 yearly 2013 - 2023
FDI: Flow: Inward: EU 27E: EU 27E (EUR mn) 68,791.700 2023 yearly 2013 - 2023
FDI: Flow: Inward: EU 27E: France (EUR mn) 26,186.500 2023 yearly 2013 - 2023
FDI: Flow: Inward: EU 27E: Belgium (EUR mn) 7,669.300 2023 yearly 2013 - 2023
FDI: Flow: Outward: EU 27E: Financial and Insurance Activities (EUR mn) -186,799.400 2022 yearly 2013 - 2022
FDI: Flow: Outward: EU 27E: Information and Communication (EUR mn) -23,948.600 2022 yearly 2013 - 2022
FDI: Flow: Outward: EU 27E: Wholesale and Retail Trade (EUR mn) 23,503.100 2022 yearly 2013 - 2022
FDI: Flow: Outward: EU 27E: Manufacturing (EUR mn) 81,221.700 2022 yearly 2013 - 2022
FDI: Flow: Outward: EU 27E: Mining and Quarrying (EUR mn) -11,317.300 2022 yearly 2013 - 2022
FDI: Flow: Inward: EU 27E: Administrative and Support Service Activ (EUR mn) -8,593.100 2021 yearly 2016 - 2021
FDI: Flow: Inward: EU 27E: Professional, Scientific and Tech Activ (EUR mn) 14,509.900 2021 yearly 2016 - 2021
FDI: Flow: Inward: EU 27E: Financial and Insurance Activities (EUR mn) -288,861.600 2022 yearly 2013 - 2022
FDI: Flow: Inward: EU 27E: Information and Communication (EUR mn) 20,067.700 2022 yearly 2013 - 2022
FDI: Flow: Inward: EU 27E: Wholesale and Retail Trade (EUR mn) -108,786.800 2022 yearly 2013 - 2022
Monetary Last Frequency Range
Non Performing Loans Ratio (%) 3.7 2017 yearly 2008 - 2017
Household Debt: % of GDP (%) 44.1 Dec 2024 quarterly Sep 1997 - Dec 2024
Money Supply M1 (USD mn) 11,023,104.578 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1999 - Jan 2025
Money Supply M2 (USD mn) 16,206,204.586 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1999 - Jan 2025
M2 Growth (%) 3.3 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1981 - Jan 2025
Reserve Requirement Ratio (%) 1.0 Feb 2025 monthly Jan 1999 - Feb 2025
Foreign Exchange Reserves (USD mn) 297,453.5 Jan 2025 monthly Dec 1999 - Jan 2025
Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of GDP (%) 1.915 Dec 2024 quarterly Dec 1999 - Dec 2024
Foreign Exchange Reserves: Months of Import (NA) 1.4 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2024
Total Deposits (USD mn) 16,266,572.037 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1999 - Jan 2025
Total Deposits Growth (%) 3.8 Jan 2025 monthly Sep 1998 - Jan 2025
Domestic Credit (USD mn) 25,135,356.5 Dec 2024 monthly Jan 1999 - Dec 2024
Domestic Credit Growth (%) 2.7 Dec 2024 monthly Sep 1998 - Dec 2024
Household Debt (USD mn) 6,956,182.2 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1999 - Jan 2025
Total Loans (USD mn) 19,557,431.930 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1999 - Jan 2025
Total Loans Growth (%) 3.91 Jan 2025 monthly Sep 1998 - Jan 2025
Private Debt: % of Nominal GDP (%) 78.27 Dec 2024 quarterly Sep 1997 - Dec 2024
Money Supply M3: Outstanding (EUR bn) 16,719.490 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1970 - Jan 2025
Money Supply M2: Outstanding (EUR bn) 15,528.520 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1980 - Jan 2025
Money Supply M1: swda: Outstanding (EUR bn) 10,599.139 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1980 - Jan 2025
Money Supply M1: Outstanding (EUR bn) 10,525.431 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1970 - Jan 2025
Money Supply M2: swda: Outstanding (EUR bn) 15,582.889 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1980 - Jan 2025
Money Supply M3: swda: Outstanding (EUR bn) 16,754.872 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1980 - Jan 2025
Eurosystem: ORA: Foreign Currency Reserves (FCR) (EUR bn) 286.127 Jan 2025 monthly Nov 1999 - Jan 2025
Eurosystem: Official Reserve Assets (ORA) (EUR bn) 1,457.531 Jan 2025 monthly Nov 1999 - Jan 2025
MFIs Loans: Outstanding: Non Financial Sector (EUR bn) 5,178.439 Jan 2025 monthly Sep 1997 - Jan 2025
MFIs Loans: Outstanding: Households: HP: Over 5 Years (EUR bn) 4,296.809 Jan 2019 monthly Sep 1997 - Jan 2019
MFIs Loans: Outstanding: Households: Consumer Credit (CS) (EUR bn) 686.042 Jan 2019 monthly Sep 1997 - Jan 2019
MFIs Deposits: Outstanding: Non Financial Corp (NFC) (EUR bn) 3,532.244 Jan 2025 monthly Sep 1997 - Jan 2025
MFIs Deposits: Outstanding: Households (EUR bn) 9,493.509 Jan 2025 monthly Sep 1997 - Jan 2025
Business and Economic Survey Last Frequency Range
Business Confidence Growth (% Point) -0.9 Feb 2025 monthly Jan 1986 - Feb 2025
BE: Industrial Confidence Indicator (ICI): sa: NACE 2 (% Point) -13.600 Feb 2025 monthly Jan 1985 - Feb 2025
Construction Confidence Indicator (CCI): sa: EU 27 excl UK (EU 27E) (% Point) -15.900 Apr 2020 monthly Jan 1985 - Apr 2020
Business Climate Indicator: sa: Euro Area 20 (NA) -0.740 Feb 2025 monthly Jan 1985 - Feb 2025
Economic Sentiment Index: sa: EU 27 excl UK (NA) 65.800 Apr 2020 monthly Jan 1985 - Apr 2020
Industrial Confidence Indicator (ICI): sa: EA 19 (% Point) 5.80 Jul 2018 monthly Jan 1985 - Jul 2018
Industrial Confidence Indicator (ICI): sa: EU 27 excl UK (EU 27E) (% Point) -30.600 Apr 2020 monthly Jan 1985 - Apr 2020
Service Confidence Indicator (SCI): sa: Euro Area 19 (% Point) 15.30 Jul 2018 monthly Jan 1996 - Jul 2018
Service Confidence Indicator (SCI): sa: EU 27 excl UK (EU 27E) (% Point) -35.400 Apr 2020 monthly Oct 1996 - Apr 2020
Eurocoin Leading Indicator (Number) 0.430 Feb 2025 monthly Dec 2019 - Feb 2025

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