Turkey External Debt: % of GDP
1989 - 2023 | Yearly | % | CEIC Data
Key information about Turkey External Debt: % of GDP
- Turkey External Debt accounted for 45.2 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2023, compared with the ratio of 51.1 % in the previous year.
- Turkey External Debt: % of Nominal GDP data is updated yearly, available from Dec 1989 to Dec 2023.
- The data reached an all-time high of 59.8 % in Dec 2020 and a record low of 26.1 % in Dec 1990.
CEIC calculates External Debt as % of Nominal GDP from annual External Debt and quarterly Nominal GDP. Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Treasury and Finance provides External Debt in USD. Turkish Statistical Institute provides Nominal GDP in local currency. The Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey average market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. External Debt as % of Nominal GDP prior to 1998 is sourced directly from Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Treasury and Finance.
Related information about Turkey External Debt: % of GDP
- In the latest reports of Turkey, Current Account recorded a surplus of 566.0 USD mn in Jul 2024.
- Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 1.2 USD bn in Jul 2024.
- Turkey Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 510.0 USD mn in Jul 2024.
- Its Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 9.0 USD bn in Jun 2024.
- The country's External Debt reached 511,974.9 in Jun 2024.
- The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 245.5 USD bn in Mar 2023.
View Turkey's External Debt: % of GDP from 1989 to 2023 in the chart:
What was Turkey's External Debt: % of GDP in 2023?
Turkey External Debt accounted for 45.2 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2023, compared with the ratio of 51.1 % in the previous year. See the table below for more data.
| Last | Previous | Min | Max | Unit | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 45.2 2023 | 51.1 2022 | 26.1 1990 | 59.8 2020 | % | yearly | 1989 - 2023 |
External Debt: % of GDP by Country Comparison
| country/region | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Albania (%) | 45.9 2023 | yearly | 1991 - 2023 |
| Algeria (%) | 1.3 2023 | yearly | 1970 - 2023 |
| Argentina (%) | 45.3 2023 | yearly | 1994 - 2023 |
| Armenia (%) | 64.2 2023 | yearly | 2000 - 2023 |
| Australia (%) | 109.2 2023 | yearly | 1988 - 2023 |
| Austria (%) | 136.1 2023 | yearly | 1997 - 2023 |
| Azerbaijan (%) | 14.9 Dec 2021 | quarterly | Dec 2001 - Dec 2021 |
| Bangladesh (%) | 11.4 2017 | yearly | 1997 - 2017 |
| Belarus (%) | 51.1 Mar 2024 | quarterly | Dec 2000 - Mar 2024 |
| Belgium (%) | 231.5 2023 | yearly | 2007 - 2023 |
| Bolivia (%) | 35.0 2023 | yearly | 2006 - 2023 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina (%) | 18.1 2023 | yearly | 1999 - 2023 |
| Botswana (%) | 7.3 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Brazil (%) | 27.7 2023 | yearly | 1992 - 2023 |
| Bulgaria (%) | 47.6 2023 | yearly | 1999 - 2023 |
| Cambodia (%) | 56.7 2022 | yearly | 2010 - 2022 |
| Canada (%) | 139.5 2023 | yearly | 1990 - 2023 |
| Chile (%) | 71.7 2023 | yearly | 1971 - 2023 |
| China (%) | 13.7 2023 | yearly | 1985 - 2023 |
| Colombia (%) | 53.7 2023 | yearly | 1970 - 2023 |
| Croatia (%) | 73.5 2022 | yearly | 1998 - 2022 |
| Cyprus (%) | 828.3 2023 | yearly | 2004 - 2023 |
| Czech Republic (%) | 61.7 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Denmark (%) | 132.3 2023 | yearly | 2005 - 2023 |
| Ecuador (%) | 49.6 2023 | yearly | 1970 - 2023 |
| Egypt (%) | 39.8 Mar 2024 | quarterly | Jun 1999 - Mar 2024 |
| Estonia (%) | 89.2 2023 | yearly | 1996 - 2023 |
| European Union (%) | 111.2 2023 | yearly | 2008 - 2023 |
| Finland (%) | 215.3 2023 | yearly | 1991 - 2023 |
| France (%) | 244.9 2023 | yearly | 2004 - 2023 |
| Georgia (%) | 80.2 2023 | yearly | 1999 - 2023 |
| Germany (%) | 146.1 2023 | yearly | 1999 - 2023 |
| Ghana (%) | 39.5 2023 | yearly | 1999 - 2023 |
| Greece (%) | 246.0 2023 | yearly | 2003 - 2023 |
| Hong Kong SAR, China (%) | 483.7 2023 | yearly | 2001 - 2023 |
| Hungary (%) | 128.8 2023 | yearly | 2006 - 2023 |
| Iceland (%) | 75.5 2023 | yearly | 1989 - 2023 |
| India (%) | 18.9 2023 | yearly | 1970 - 2023 |
| Indonesia (%) | 29.8 2023 | yearly | 2003 - 2023 |
| Iran (%) | 0.3 2023 | yearly | 1994 - 2023 |
| Ireland (%) | 556.6 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| Israel (%) | 28.4 2023 | yearly | 1998 - 2023 |
| Italy (%) | 129.0 2022 | yearly | 2002 - 2022 |
| Ivory Coast (%) | 31.4 2021 | yearly | 1994 - 2021 |
| Japan (%) | 107.7 2023 | yearly | 2003 - 2023 |
| Jordan (%) | 80.7 2023 | yearly | 1970 - 2023 |
| Kazakhstan (%) | 60.9 Jun 2024 | quarterly | Mar 2002 - Jun 2024 |
| Kenya (%) | 40.3 2023 | yearly | 2006 - 2023 |
| South Korea (%) | 36.6 2023 | yearly | 1994 - 2023 |
| Kosovo (%) | 39.6 2023 | yearly | 2007 - 2023 |
| Kuwait (%) | 39.4 2023 | yearly | 2014 - 2023 |
| Kyrgyzstan (%) | 72.3 2023 | yearly | 2003 - 2023 |
| Laos (%) | 74.2 2023 | yearly | 1996 - 2023 |
| Latvia (%) | 106.8 Sep 2024 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Sep 2024 |
| Lebanon (%) | 21.2 2021 | yearly | 2007 - 2021 |
| Lithuania (%) | 69.2 2023 | yearly | 1996 - 2023 |
| Luxembourg (%) | 4,446.8 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| North Macedonia (%) | 83.2 2023 | yearly | 2004 - 2023 |
| Malawi (%) | 60.1 2021 | yearly | 2006 - 2021 |
| Malaysia (%) | 68.2 2023 | yearly | 2009 - 2023 |
| Malta (%) | 858.8 2023 | yearly | 2004 - 2023 |
| Mauritius (%) | 1,359.5 2023 | yearly | 2009 - 2023 |
| Mexico (%) | 33.0 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| Moldova (%) | 63.3 2023 | yearly | 2000 - 2023 |
| Mongolia (%) | 170.1 2023 | yearly | 1992 - 2023 |
| Montenegro (%) | 141.5 2022 | yearly | 2006 - 2022 |
| Morocco (%) | 50.9 2022 | yearly | 1970 - 2022 |
| Mozambique (%) | 71.7 2020 | yearly | 1985 - 2020 |
| Myanmar (%) | 16.7 2020 | yearly | 2018 - 2020 |
| Nepal (%) | 17.3 2016 | yearly | 2001 - 2016 |
| Netherlands (%) | 373.8 2023 | yearly | 2003 - 2023 |
| New Zealand (%) | 86.4 2023 | yearly | 1993 - 2023 |
| Nigeria (%) | 11.9 2023 | yearly | 1985 - 2023 |
| Norway (%) | 148.1 2023 | yearly | 2003 - 2023 |
| Pakistan (%) | 35.1 2024 | yearly | 2000 - 2024 |
| Palestinian Territory (%) | 12.2 2023 | yearly | 2012 - 2023 |
| Panama (%) | 167.4 2021 | yearly | 2014 - 2021 |
| Paraguay (%) | 56.2 2023 | yearly | 2000 - 2023 |
| Peru (%) | 39.3 2023 | yearly | 1980 - 2023 |
| Philippines (%) | 28.7 2023 | yearly | 1990 - 2023 |
| Poland (%) | 49.6 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Portugal (%) | 149.6 2023 | yearly | 1996 - 2023 |
| Qatar (%) | 106.1 2018 | yearly | 2000 - 2018 |
| Romania (%) | 51.9 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Russia (%) | 15.7 2023 | yearly | 1993 - 2023 |
| Serbia (%) | 65.3 2023 | yearly | 2000 - 2023 |
| Singapore (%) | 391.1 2023 | yearly | 2003 - 2023 |
| Slovakia (%) | 96.0 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Slovenia (%) | 90.4 2023 | yearly | 2001 - 2023 |
| South Africa (%) | 41.5 2023 | yearly | 1985 - 2023 |
| Spain (%) | 163.6 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Sri Lanka (%) | 75.0 2022 | yearly | 1998 - 2022 |
| Sudan (%) | 202.2 2021 | yearly | 2001 - 2021 |
| Sweden (%) | 169.1 2023 | yearly | 1997 - 2023 |
| Switzerland (%) | 238.7 2023 | yearly | 1999 - 2023 |
| Taiwan (%) | 27.3 2023 | yearly | 1999 - 2023 |
| Tajikistan (%) | 37.7 2021 | yearly | 2000 - 2021 |
| Thailand (%) | 37.4 Jun 2024 | quarterly | Mar 2005 - Jun 2024 |
| Tunisia (%) | 90.4 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| Turkey (%) | 45.2 2023 | yearly | 1989 - 2023 |
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| Government and Public Finance | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP (%) | -5.0 Sep 2024 | quarterly | Dec 2006 - Sep 2024 |
| Consolidated Fiscal Balance (USD mn) | -971.800 Nov 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Nov 2024 |
| Tax Revenue (USD mn) | 23,824.103 Nov 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Nov 2024 |
| Tax Revenue: % of GDP (%) | 16.1 Sep 2024 | quarterly | Mar 2006 - Sep 2024 |
| National Government Debt (USD mn) | 254,513.1 2022 | yearly | 2001 - 2022 |
| Government Debt: % of GDP (%) | 26.1 Jun 2024 | quarterly | Dec 2001 - Jun 2024 |
| Forecast: Government Expenditure (TRY bn) | 40,421.476 2029 | yearly | 2000 - 2029 |
| Forecast: Government Net Debt (TRY bn) | 32,432.832 2029 | yearly | 2000 - 2029 |
| Forecast: Government Revenue (TRY bn) | 36,604.966 2029 | yearly | 2000 - 2029 |
| General Budget: Revenue (TRY mn) | 932,770.130 Nov 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Nov 2024 |
| General Budget: Expenditure (TRY mn) | 994,990.060 Nov 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Nov 2024 |
| General Budget: Cash Balance (TRY mn) | -62,219.930 Nov 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Nov 2024 |
| General Budget: ytd: Revenue (TRY th) | 7,618,404,307.406 Nov 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Nov 2024 |
| General Budget: ytd: Revenue: Tax (TRY th) | 6,597,108,972.372 Nov 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Nov 2024 |
| General Budget: ytd: EX: Primary: Capital Expenditure (TRY th) | 442,126,776.060 Nov 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Nov 2024 |
| General Budget: ytd: Expenditure (EX) (TRY th) | 8,939,364,029.950 Nov 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Nov 2024 |
| General Budget: ytd: EX: Primary: Current Transfers (CT) (TRY th) | 3,783,551,890.205 Nov 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Nov 2024 |
| General Budget: ytd: Revenue: Tax: Direct (TRY th) | 2,290,824,265.626 Nov 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Nov 2024 |
| General Budget: ytd: Balance (TRY th) | -1,320,959,722.545 Nov 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Nov 2024 |
| Central Government Debt: External (TRY mn) | 538,505.357 Mar 2019 | monthly | Jan 2002 - Mar 2019 |
| Foreign Trade | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forecast: Exports of Goods Growth (%) | 7.230 2028 | yearly | 1980 - 2028 |
| Trade Balance (USD mn) | -8,483.7 Apr 2023 | monthly | Jan 2013 - Apr 2023 |
| Total Exports (USD mn) | 14,265.9 Dec 2019 | monthly | Jan 1997 - Dec 2019 |
| Total Exports Growth (%) | 0.9 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 2014 - May 2023 |
| Aluminum: Exports (USD th) | 3,832,265.952 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Exports: Medicament (USD th) | 1,443,044.753 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Exports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) | 806,223.291 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Total Imports (USD mn) | 17,684.5 Dec 2019 | monthly | Jan 1997 - Dec 2019 |
| Total Imports Growth (%) | 6.5 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 2014 - May 2023 |
| Imports: Medicament (USD th) | 2,460,947.731 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Imports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) | 2,964,157.172 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Total Exports to USA (USD mn) | 1,562.076 Oct 2024 | monthly | Apr 1964 - Oct 2024 |
| Total Imports from USA (USD mn) | 1,278.154 Oct 2024 | monthly | Apr 1964 - Oct 2024 |
| Total Exports to China (USD mn) | 316.768 Oct 2024 | monthly | Jan 2013 - Oct 2024 |
| Total Imports from China (USD mn) | 4,241.788 Oct 2024 | monthly | Sep 1992 - Oct 2024 |
| Trade Balance: USD (USD mn) | -2,136.727 Mar 2019 | monthly | Jan 1969 - Mar 2019 |
| Natural Gas: Annual: Production (Cub m mn) | 851.970 2023 | yearly | 1976 - 2023 |
| Export Value Index (2015=100) | 149.169 2021 | yearly | 1980 - 2021 |
| Import Value Index (2015=100) | 127.060 2021 | yearly | 1980 - 2021 |
| Monetary | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Non Performing Loans Ratio (%) | 1.8 Oct 2024 | monthly | Jan 2003 - Oct 2024 |
| Household Debt: % of GDP (%) | 10.3 Jun 2024 | quarterly | Dec 2014 - Jun 2024 |
| Non-Performing Loans (USD mn) | 8,031.410 Oct 2024 | monthly | Dec 2002 - Oct 2024 |
| Money Supply M1 (USD mn) | 180,021.595 Oct 2024 | monthly | Dec 1963 - Oct 2024 |
| Money Supply M2 (USD mn) | 491,947.182 Oct 2024 | monthly | Dec 1976 - Oct 2024 |
| M2 Growth (%) | 33.4 Sep 2024 | monthly | Dec 1977 - Sep 2024 |
| Reserve Requirement Ratio (%) | 8.0 Nov 2024 | monthly | Jan 2011 - Nov 2024 |
| Foreign Exchange Reserves (USD mn) | 85,416.0 Nov 2024 | monthly | Apr 2000 - Nov 2024 |
| Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of GDP (%) | 6.497 Sep 2024 | quarterly | Jun 2000 - Sep 2024 |
| Foreign Exchange Reserves: Months of Import (NA) | 2.9 Nov 2024 | monthly | Apr 2000 - Nov 2024 |
| Gold Reserves (USD mn) | 67,375.000 Oct 2024 | monthly | Dec 1956 - Oct 2024 |
| Total Deposits (USD mn) | 528,701.204 Oct 2024 | monthly | Dec 2002 - Oct 2024 |
| Total Deposits Growth (%) | 30.7 Oct 2024 | monthly | Dec 2003 - Oct 2024 |
| Domestic Credit (USD mn) | 566,063.7 Oct 2024 | monthly | Jan 1986 - Oct 2024 |
| Domestic Credit Growth (%) | 37.5 Oct 2024 | monthly | Jan 1987 - Oct 2024 |
| Debt Service Ratio: Private Non-Financial Sector (%) | 35.400 Jun 2024 | quarterly | Mar 2002 - Jun 2024 |
| Credit to Households (USD bn) | 104.846 Jun 2024 | quarterly | Mar 1986 - Jun 2024 |
| Credit to Private Non-Financial Sector (USD bn) | 556.651 Jun 2024 | quarterly | Mar 1986 - Jun 2024 |
| Household Debt (USD mn) | 101,134.7 Oct 2024 | monthly | Jan 1986 - Oct 2024 |
| Total Loans (USD mn) | 362,316.242 Oct 2024 | monthly | Jan 1986 - Oct 2024 |
| Total Loans Growth (%) | 38.30 Oct 2024 | monthly | Jan 1987 - Oct 2024 |
| Private Debt: % of Nominal GDP (%) | 29.57 Sep 2024 | quarterly | Dec 1998 - Sep 2024 |
| Money Supply: M3 (TRY th) | 18,476,383,593.000 Oct 2024 | monthly | Dec 2005 - Oct 2024 |
| Asset Quality: Banking Sector: NPL to Total Loan (%) | 1.769 Oct 2024 | monthly | Jan 2003 - Oct 2024 |
| Business and Economic Survey | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Business Confidence Growth (% Point) | -0.5 Nov 2024 | monthly | Jan 2008 - Nov 2024 |
| Composite Leading Indicator Index: Trend Restored (NA) | 396.330 Nov 2024 | monthly | Dec 1987 - Nov 2024 |
| Real Sector Confidence Index: CANE 2: Seasonally Adjusted (sa) (Point) | 103.400 Nov 2024 | monthly | Jan 2007 - Nov 2024 |
| Retail Trade Confidence Index (RCI): Seasonally Adjusted (sa) (Point) | 111.667 Nov 2024 | monthly | Jan 2011 - Nov 2024 |
| Services Sector Confidence Index (SCI): Seasonally Adjusted (sa) (Point) | 110.953 Nov 2024 | monthly | Jan 2011 - Nov 2024 |
| Construction Confidence Index (CCI): Seasonally Adjusted (sa) (Point) | 87.809 Nov 2024 | monthly | Jan 2011 - Nov 2024 |
More Indicators for Turkey
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Balance of Payments
Balance of Payments: Current Account
BPM6: Balance of Payments: Analytical Presentation: Annual
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BPM6: International Investment Position
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External Debt: Amortization
External Debt: Commitments and Currency Composition
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External Debt Outstanding: Annual
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External Debt Position
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Investment Abroad: Direct: Stock: by Industry: NACE 2
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Treasury Guaranteed External Debt Stock
Balance of Payments: Capital and Financial Account
BPM6: Balance of Payments: Analytical Presentation
BPM6: Balance of Payments: Detailed Presentation
BPM6: Balance of Payments: USD: Annual
BPM6: Balance of Payments: USD: OECD Member: Quarterly
BPM6: External Debt Outstanding: by Lender
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External Debt: Debt Outstanding, Debt Ratio and Debt Service
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External Debt Outstanding: by Borrower
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External Debt Service: Principal and Interest Payments
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