Turkey External Debt: % of GDP
1989 - 2023 | Yearly | % | CEIC Data
Key information about Turkey External Debt: % of GDP
- Turkey External Debt accounted for 45.2 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2023, compared with the ratio of 51.1 % in the previous year.
- Turkey External Debt: % of Nominal GDP data is updated yearly, available from Dec 1989 to Dec 2023.
- The data reached an all-time high of 59.8 % in Dec 2020 and a record low of 26.1 % in Dec 1990.
CEIC calculates External Debt as % of Nominal GDP from annual External Debt and quarterly Nominal GDP. Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Treasury and Finance provides External Debt in USD. Turkish Statistical Institute provides Nominal GDP in local currency. The Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey average market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. External Debt as % of Nominal GDP prior to 1998 is sourced directly from Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Treasury and Finance.
Related information about Turkey External Debt: % of GDP
- In the latest reports of Turkey, Current Account recorded a surplus of 566.0 USD mn in Jul 2024.
- Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 1.2 USD bn in Jul 2024.
- Turkey Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 510.0 USD mn in Jul 2024.
- Its Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 9.0 USD bn in Jun 2024.
- The country's External Debt reached 511,974.9 in Jun 2024.
- The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 245.5 USD bn in Mar 2023.
View Turkey's External Debt: % of GDP from 1989 to 2023 in the chart:
What was Turkey's External Debt: % of GDP in 2023?
Turkey External Debt accounted for 45.2 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2023, compared with the ratio of 51.1 % in the previous year. See the table below for more data.
| Last | Previous | Min | Max | Unit | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 45.2 2023 | 51.1 2022 | 26.1 1990 | 59.8 2020 | % | yearly | 1989 - 2023 |
External Debt: % of GDP by Country Comparison
| country/region | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Albania (%) | 45.9 2023 | yearly | 1991 - 2023 |
| Algeria (%) | 1.3 2023 | yearly | 1970 - 2023 |
| Argentina (%) | 45.3 2023 | yearly | 1994 - 2023 |
| Armenia (%) | 64.2 2023 | yearly | 2000 - 2023 |
| Australia (%) | 110.0 2023 | yearly | 1988 - 2023 |
| Austria (%) | 135.0 2023 | yearly | 1997 - 2023 |
| Azerbaijan (%) | 14.9 Dec 2021 | quarterly | Dec 2001 - Dec 2021 |
| Bangladesh (%) | 11.4 2017 | yearly | 1997 - 2017 |
| Belarus (%) | 51.1 Mar 2024 | quarterly | Dec 2000 - Mar 2024 |
| Belgium (%) | 236.1 2023 | yearly | 2007 - 2023 |
| Bolivia (%) | 35.0 2023 | yearly | 2006 - 2023 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina (%) | 18.1 2023 | yearly | 1999 - 2023 |
| Botswana (%) | 7.3 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Brazil (%) | 27.9 2023 | yearly | 1992 - 2023 |
| Bulgaria (%) | 47.6 2023 | yearly | 1999 - 2023 |
| Cambodia (%) | 56.7 2022 | yearly | 2010 - 2022 |
| Canada (%) | 143.7 2023 | yearly | 1990 - 2023 |
| Chile (%) | 71.7 2023 | yearly | 1971 - 2023 |
| China (%) | 13.7 2023 | yearly | 1985 - 2023 |
| Colombia (%) | 53.7 2023 | yearly | 1970 - 2023 |
| Croatia (%) | 73.5 2022 | yearly | 1998 - 2022 |
| Cyprus (%) | 828.3 2023 | yearly | 2004 - 2023 |
| Czech Republic (%) | 61.7 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Denmark (%) | 132.3 2023 | yearly | 2005 - 2023 |
| Ecuador (%) | 49.6 2023 | yearly | 1970 - 2023 |
| Egypt (%) | 39.8 Mar 2024 | quarterly | Jun 1999 - Mar 2024 |
| Estonia (%) | 89.2 2023 | yearly | 1996 - 2023 |
| European Union (%) | 111.2 2023 | yearly | 2008 - 2023 |
| Finland (%) | 215.3 2023 | yearly | 1991 - 2023 |
| France (%) | 244.9 2023 | yearly | 2004 - 2023 |
| Georgia (%) | 80.2 2023 | yearly | 1999 - 2023 |
| Germany (%) | 146.1 2023 | yearly | 1999 - 2023 |
| Ghana (%) | 39.5 2023 | yearly | 1999 - 2023 |
| Greece (%) | 246.0 2023 | yearly | 2003 - 2023 |
| Hong Kong SAR, China (%) | 481.7 2023 | yearly | 2001 - 2023 |
| Hungary (%) | 128.8 2023 | yearly | 2006 - 2023 |
| Iceland (%) | 72.9 2023 | yearly | 1989 - 2023 |
| India (%) | 18.9 2023 | yearly | 1970 - 2023 |
| Indonesia (%) | 29.8 2023 | yearly | 2003 - 2023 |
| Iran (%) | 0.3 2023 | yearly | 1994 - 2023 |
| Ireland (%) | 556.6 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| Israel (%) | 28.4 2023 | yearly | 1998 - 2023 |
| Italy (%) | 129.0 2022 | yearly | 2002 - 2022 |
| Ivory Coast (%) | 31.4 2021 | yearly | 1994 - 2021 |
| Japan (%) | 107.5 2023 | yearly | 2003 - 2023 |
| Jordan (%) | 80.7 2023 | yearly | 1970 - 2023 |
| Kazakhstan (%) | 60.9 Jun 2024 | quarterly | Mar 2002 - Jun 2024 |
| Kenya (%) | 40.3 2023 | yearly | 2006 - 2023 |
| South Korea (%) | 36.6 2023 | yearly | 1994 - 2023 |
| Kosovo (%) | 39.6 2023 | yearly | 2007 - 2023 |
| Kuwait (%) | 39.4 2023 | yearly | 2014 - 2023 |
| Kyrgyzstan (%) | 72.3 2023 | yearly | 2003 - 2023 |
| Laos (%) | 74.2 2023 | yearly | 1996 - 2023 |
| Latvia (%) | 100.7 Mar 2024 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Mar 2024 |
| Lebanon (%) | 21.2 2021 | yearly | 2007 - 2021 |
| Lithuania (%) | 69.2 2023 | yearly | 1996 - 2023 |
| Luxembourg (%) | 4,321.4 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| North Macedonia (%) | 83.2 2023 | yearly | 2004 - 2023 |
| Malawi (%) | 60.1 2021 | yearly | 2006 - 2021 |
| Malaysia (%) | 68.2 2023 | yearly | 2009 - 2023 |
| Malta (%) | 854.3 2023 | yearly | 2004 - 2023 |
| Mauritius (%) | 1,315.2 2023 | yearly | 2009 - 2023 |
| Mexico (%) | 33.1 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| Moldova (%) | 63.3 2023 | yearly | 2000 - 2023 |
| Mongolia (%) | 170.1 2023 | yearly | 1992 - 2023 |
| Montenegro (%) | 141.5 2022 | yearly | 2006 - 2022 |
| Morocco (%) | 50.9 2022 | yearly | 1970 - 2022 |
| Mozambique (%) | 71.7 2020 | yearly | 1985 - 2020 |
| Myanmar (%) | 16.7 2020 | yearly | 2018 - 2020 |
| Nepal (%) | 17.3 2016 | yearly | 2001 - 2016 |
| Netherlands (%) | 373.8 2023 | yearly | 2003 - 2023 |
| New Zealand (%) | 88.0 2023 | yearly | 1993 - 2023 |
| Nigeria (%) | 11.9 2023 | yearly | 1985 - 2023 |
| Norway (%) | 151.9 2023 | yearly | 2003 - 2023 |
| Pakistan (%) | 35.0 2024 | yearly | 2000 - 2024 |
| Palestinian Territory (%) | 12.2 2023 | yearly | 2012 - 2023 |
| Panama (%) | 167.4 2021 | yearly | 2014 - 2021 |
| Paraguay (%) | 55.7 2023 | yearly | 2000 - 2023 |
| Peru (%) | 39.3 2023 | yearly | 1980 - 2023 |
| Philippines (%) | 28.7 2023 | yearly | 1990 - 2023 |
| Poland (%) | 49.6 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Portugal (%) | 150.4 2023 | yearly | 1996 - 2023 |
| Qatar (%) | 106.1 2018 | yearly | 2000 - 2018 |
| Romania (%) | 51.9 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Russia (%) | 15.7 2023 | yearly | 1993 - 2023 |
| Serbia (%) | 65.3 2023 | yearly | 2000 - 2023 |
| Singapore (%) | 391.1 2023 | yearly | 2003 - 2023 |
| Slovakia (%) | 96.0 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Slovenia (%) | 90.4 2023 | yearly | 2001 - 2023 |
| South Africa (%) | 41.5 2023 | yearly | 1985 - 2023 |
| Spain (%) | 163.6 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Sri Lanka (%) | 75.0 2022 | yearly | 1998 - 2022 |
| Sudan (%) | 202.2 2021 | yearly | 2001 - 2021 |
| Sweden (%) | 168.5 2023 | yearly | 1997 - 2023 |
| Switzerland (%) | 236.4 2023 | yearly | 1999 - 2023 |
| Taiwan (%) | 27.3 2023 | yearly | 1999 - 2023 |
| Tajikistan (%) | 37.7 2021 | yearly | 2000 - 2021 |
| Thailand (%) | 37.4 Jun 2024 | quarterly | Mar 2005 - Jun 2024 |
| Tunisia (%) | 90.4 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| Turkey (%) | 45.2 2023 | yearly | 1989 - 2023 |
Accurate Macro & Micro Economic Data You Can Trust
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| Government and Public Finance | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP (%) | -4.6 Jun 2024 | quarterly | Dec 2006 - Jun 2024 |
| Consolidated Fiscal Balance (USD mn) | -2,884.122 Sep 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Sep 2024 |
| Tax Revenue (USD mn) | 21,536.668 Sep 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Sep 2024 |
| Tax Revenue: % of GDP (%) | 18.8 Jun 2024 | quarterly | Mar 2006 - Jun 2024 |
| National Government Debt (USD mn) | 254,513.1 2022 | yearly | 2001 - 2022 |
| Government Debt: % of GDP (%) | 26.1 Jun 2024 | quarterly | Dec 2001 - Jun 2024 |
| Forecast: Government Expenditure (TRY bn) | 40,421.476 2029 | yearly | 2000 - 2029 |
| Forecast: Government Net Debt (TRY bn) | 32,432.832 2029 | yearly | 2000 - 2029 |
| Forecast: Government Revenue (TRY bn) | 36,604.966 2029 | yearly | 2000 - 2029 |
| General Budget: Revenue (TRY mn) | 854,910.070 Oct 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Oct 2024 |
| General Budget: Expenditure (TRY mn) | 1,022,222.470 Oct 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Oct 2024 |
| General Budget: Cash Balance (TRY mn) | -167,312.400 Oct 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Oct 2024 |
| General Budget: ytd: Revenue (TRY th) | 5,946,460,113.833 Sep 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Sep 2024 |
| General Budget: ytd: EX: Primary: Current Transfers (CT) (TRY th) | 3,015,958,178.554 Sep 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Sep 2024 |
| General Budget: ytd: Balance (TRY th) | -1,099,153,614.010 Sep 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Sep 2024 |
| General Budget: ytd: Revenue: Tax (TRY th) | 5,134,058,528.507 Sep 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Sep 2024 |
| General Budget: ytd: Revenue: Tax: Direct (TRY th) | 1,759,446,434.812 Sep 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Sep 2024 |
| General Budget: ytd: Expenditure (EX) (TRY th) | 7,045,613,727.843 Sep 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Sep 2024 |
| General Budget: ytd: EX: Primary: Capital Expenditure (TRY th) | 325,018,390.340 Sep 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Sep 2024 |
| Central Government Debt: External (TRY mn) | 538,505.357 Mar 2019 | monthly | Jan 2002 - Mar 2019 |
| Foreign Trade | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forecast: Exports of Goods Growth (%) | 7.230 2028 | yearly | 1980 - 2028 |
| Trade Balance (USD mn) | -8,483.7 Apr 2023 | monthly | Jan 2013 - Apr 2023 |
| Total Exports (USD mn) | 14,265.9 Dec 2019 | monthly | Jan 1997 - Dec 2019 |
| Total Exports Growth (%) | 0.9 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 2014 - May 2023 |
| Aluminum: Exports (USD th) | 3,832,265.952 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Exports: Medicament (USD th) | 1,443,044.753 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Exports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) | 806,223.291 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Total Imports (USD mn) | 17,684.5 Dec 2019 | monthly | Jan 1997 - Dec 2019 |
| Total Imports Growth (%) | 6.5 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 2014 - May 2023 |
| Imports: Medicament (USD th) | 2,460,947.731 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Imports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) | 2,964,157.172 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Total Exports to USA (USD mn) | 1,263.407 Sep 2024 | monthly | Apr 1964 - Sep 2024 |
| Total Imports from USA (USD mn) | 1,391.668 Sep 2024 | monthly | Apr 1964 - Sep 2024 |
| Total Exports to China (USD mn) | 249.675 Sep 2024 | monthly | Jan 2013 - Sep 2024 |
| Total Imports from China (USD mn) | 3,737.113 Sep 2024 | monthly | Sep 1992 - Sep 2024 |
| Trade Balance: USD (USD mn) | -2,136.727 Mar 2019 | monthly | Jan 1969 - Mar 2019 |
| Natural Gas: Annual: Production (Cub m mn) | 851.970 2023 | yearly | 1976 - 2023 |
| Export Value Index (2015=100) | 149.169 2021 | yearly | 1980 - 2021 |
| Import Value Index (2015=100) | 127.060 2021 | yearly | 1980 - 2021 |
| Monetary | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Non Performing Loans Ratio (%) | 1.7 Sep 2024 | monthly | Jan 2003 - Sep 2024 |
| Household Debt: % of GDP (%) | 11.0 Mar 2024 | quarterly | Dec 2014 - Mar 2024 |
| Non-Performing Loans (USD mn) | 7,726.882 Sep 2024 | monthly | Dec 2002 - Sep 2024 |
| Money Supply M1 (USD mn) | 180,461.773 Sep 2024 | monthly | Dec 1963 - Sep 2024 |
| Money Supply M2 (USD mn) | 483,956.907 Sep 2024 | monthly | Dec 1976 - Sep 2024 |
| M2 Growth (%) | 33.4 Sep 2024 | monthly | Dec 1977 - Sep 2024 |
| Reserve Requirement Ratio (%) | 8.0 Sep 2024 | monthly | Jan 2011 - Sep 2024 |
| Foreign Exchange Reserves (USD mn) | 81,085.0 Sep 2024 | monthly | Apr 2000 - Sep 2024 |
| Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of GDP (%) | 6.544 Jun 2024 | quarterly | Jun 2000 - Jun 2024 |
| Foreign Exchange Reserves: Months of Import (NA) | 3.0 Sep 2024 | monthly | Apr 2000 - Sep 2024 |
| Gold Reserves (USD mn) | 60,043.000 Aug 2024 | monthly | Dec 1956 - Aug 2024 |
| Total Deposits (USD mn) | 522,629.891 Sep 2024 | monthly | Dec 2002 - Sep 2024 |
| Total Deposits Growth (%) | 34.0 Sep 2024 | monthly | Dec 2003 - Sep 2024 |
| Domestic Credit (USD mn) | 566,224.6 Sep 2024 | monthly | Jan 1986 - Sep 2024 |
| Domestic Credit Growth (%) | 40.5 Sep 2024 | monthly | Jan 1987 - Sep 2024 |
| Debt Service Ratio: Private Non-Financial Sector (%) | 31.400 Dec 2023 | quarterly | Mar 2002 - Dec 2023 |
| Credit to Households (USD bn) | 96.972 Dec 2023 | quarterly | Mar 1986 - Dec 2023 |
| Credit to Private Non-Financial Sector (USD bn) | 523.532 Dec 2023 | quarterly | Mar 1986 - Dec 2023 |
| Household Debt (USD mn) | 99,055.1 Sep 2024 | monthly | Jan 1986 - Sep 2024 |
| Total Loans (USD mn) | 360,049.270 Sep 2024 | monthly | Jan 1986 - Sep 2024 |
| Total Loans Growth (%) | 40.27 Sep 2024 | monthly | Jan 1987 - Sep 2024 |
| Private Debt: % of Nominal GDP (%) | 30.57 Jun 2024 | quarterly | Dec 1998 - Jun 2024 |
| Money Supply: M3 (TRY th) | 18,013,647,363.000 Sep 2024 | monthly | Dec 2005 - Sep 2024 |
| Consumer Loans: BS: Loan: Housing (TRY mn) | 465,313.384 Sep 2024 | monthly | Dec 2002 - Sep 2024 |
| Consumer Loans: Banking Sector (BS): Loan (TRY mn) | 1,839,584.026 Sep 2024 | monthly | Dec 2002 - Sep 2024 |
| Consumer Loans: BS: Non Performing (TRY mn) | 46,369.609 Sep 2024 | monthly | Dec 2002 - Sep 2024 |
| Asset Quality: Banking Sector: NPL to Total Loan (%) | 1.711 Sep 2024 | monthly | Jan 2003 - Sep 2024 |
| Business and Economic Survey | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Business Confidence Growth (% Point) | -3.1 Oct 2024 | monthly | Jan 2008 - Oct 2024 |
| Composite Leading Indicator Index: Trend Restored (NA) | 392.590 Sep 2024 | monthly | Dec 1987 - Sep 2024 |
| Real Sector Confidence Index: CANE 2: Seasonally Adjusted (sa) (Point) | 102.200 Oct 2024 | monthly | Jan 2007 - Oct 2024 |
| Construction Confidence Index (CCI): Seasonally Adjusted (sa) (Point) | 86.328 Oct 2024 | monthly | Jan 2011 - Oct 2024 |
| Retail Trade Confidence Index (RCI): Seasonally Adjusted (sa) (Point) | 110.707 Oct 2024 | monthly | Jan 2011 - Oct 2024 |
| Services Sector Confidence Index (SCI): Seasonally Adjusted (sa) (Point) | 114.235 Oct 2024 | monthly | Jan 2011 - Oct 2024 |
More Indicators for Turkey
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Balance of Payments
Balance of Payments: Current Account
BPM6: Balance of Payments: Analytical Presentation: Annual
BPM6: Balance of Payments: Detailed Presentation: Annual
BPM6: Balance of Payments: USD: OECD Member: Annual
BPM6: Balance of Payments: USD: Quarterly
BPM6: International Investment Position
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Current Account Balance: Forecast
External Debt: Amortization
External Debt: Commitments and Currency Composition
External Debt: Disbursements and Interest Payment
External Debt Outstanding: Annual
External Debt Outstanding: by Currency Composition
External Debt Outstanding: Central Bank
External Debt Outstanding: Private Sector
External Debt Position
External Debt Stock
Financing From International Monetary Fund
Foreign Direct Investment: Flow: by Country
Foreign Direct Investment: Flow: by Industry
Gross Domestic Product: by Expenditure: Seasonally Adjusted: Quarterly
Gross Domestic Product: GDP Deflator: Seasonally Adjusted: OECD Member: Quarterly
Investment Abroad: Direct: Flow: by Country
Investment Abroad: Direct: Stock: by Country
Investment Abroad: Equities
Investment Incentive Certificates: by Industry
Investment Statistics
Balance of Payments: Capital and Financial Account
BPM6: Balance of Payments: Analytical Presentation
BPM6: Balance of Payments: Detailed Presentation
BPM6: Balance of Payments: USD: Annual
BPM6: Balance of Payments: USD: OECD Member: Quarterly
BPM6: External Debt Outstanding: by Lender
BPM6: International Investment Position: Annual
Company Statistics
Established and Liquidated Companies
External Debt: Arrears and Reschedulings
External Debt: Debt Outstanding, Debt Ratio and Debt Service
External Debt: Net Flows and Net Transfers
External Debt Outstanding: by Borrower
External Debt Outstanding: by Lender
External Debt Outstanding: Central Government
External Debt Outstanding: Public Sector
External Debt Service: Principal and Interest Payments
External Debt: Terms and Undisbursed Debt
Foreign Direct Investment: by Number of Companies
Foreign Direct Investment: Flow: by Country: Annual
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Gross Domestic Product: GDP Deflator: Seasonally Adjusted: OECD Member: Annual
Investment Abroad: Debt Securities
Investment Abroad: Direct: Flow: by Industry
Investment Abroad: Direct: Stock: by Industry: NACE 2
Investment Abroad: Portfolio
Investment Incentive Certificates: by Type
Treasury Guaranteed External Debt Stock